abandon v. leave a place, thing, or person, usually for ever |
abbreviation n. shortening something by omitting parts of it |
absence n. state of being absent; state of being away |
absolutely ad. completely or definitely; used as a strong way of saying 'yes' |
absorb v. assimilate or incorporate; suck or drink up; occupy full attention |
abundant a. plentiful; possessing riches or resources |
accessible a. easily approached or entered; obtainable; easy to talk to or get along with |
accomplishment n. achievement or fulfillment; something that is successful after a lot of work or effort |
accurate a. capable of providing a correct reading or measurement |
achievement n. feat; accomplishment; award for completing a particular task or meeting an objective |
adequate a. sufficient; enough to meet a purpose |
adjustable a. capable of being changed so as to match or fit |
admit v. permit to enter; receive; provide the right or a means of entrance to |
admittance n. the right to enter |
advice n. a proposal for an appropriate course of action |
advise v. make a proposal, declare a plan for something |
afghan a. of or relating to or characteristic of Afghanistan or its people |
alternate a. happening or following in turns; succeeding each other continuously; substitute |
alternative a. one of two or more things, ideas or courses of action that may be used; option; choice |
amusement n. a feeling of delight at being entertained |
analysis n. study; investigation; process of breaking down a substance into its constituent parts |
analyze v. discover or reveal something through detailed examination; diagnose; examine |
ancestor n. a person related to you who lived a long time ago; forefather, forerunner, or predecessor |
anniversary a. annual; yearly; annual return of the day on which any notable event took place |
appreciate v. be thankful for; increase in worth; be thoroughly conscious of |
artificial a. made by humans; produced rather than natural. |
assistance n. activity of contributing to fulfillment of a need or furtherance of an effort or purpose |
association n. connection, whether of persons of things; union of persons in a company or society for some particular purpose |
athlete n. sports man; one who contended for prize in public games |
atmosphere n. air, the mixture of gases around the earth |
attendance n. act of being present |
authority n. jurisdiction; power to enforce laws |
bacteria n. very small organisms that are found everywhere and are the cause of many diseases |
bagel n. a type of bread that is small, hard, and in the shape of a ring |
baggage n. trunks, bags, parcels, and suitcases in which one carries one's belongings while traveling; luggage |
bicycle n. a wheeled vehicle that has two wheels and is moved by foot pedals |
biscuit n. a small, flat cake that is dry and usually sweet; cookie |
bizarre a. fantastic; very strange and unusuall in style or appearance |
boulevard n. a wide street in city, usually with trees on each side or along the centre |
boundary n. dividing line that marks the edge or limit of something; border |
bouquet n. small cluster or arrangement of flowers; an arrangement of flowers that is usually given as a present |
brilliant a. full of light; shining or bright; sharp and clear in tone |
brochure n. small book usually having paper cover; pamphlet |
bulletin n. brief statement of facts; any public notice or announcement |
bureau n. an administrative unit of government |
campaign n. battle; a series of actions advancing a principle |
cancellation n. act of cancelling; calling off some arrangement |
candidate n. a person who is competing to get a job, prize, or honor |
capable a. having the ability required for a specific task |
capital n. the city or town that is the official seat of government in a country, state |
capitol n. the government building in Washington where the United States Senate and the House of Representatives meet |
category n. group, class, or collection of things sharing a common attribute |
celery n. widely cultivated herb with aromatic leaf stalks that are eaten raw or cooked |
cemetery n. place or ground set apart for the burial of the dead; graveyard |
changeable a. capable of or tending to change in form or quality or nature |
chaperone n. one who accompanies and supervises a young woman or gatherings of young people |
character n. mental and moral qualities distinctive to an individual |
cinnamon n. an aromatic spice made from the peeled, dried, and rolled bark of a Southeast Asian tree |
civilize v. educate a society so that its culture becomes more developed |
commercial a. money making, involved in work that is intended for the mass market |
committed a. feeling dedication and loyalty to a cause, activity, or job; devoted |
committee n. special group delegated to consider some matter |
commotion n. a sudden, short period of noise, confusion, or excited movement |
companion n. a person you spend a lot of time with, often because of friends or travelling together; partner |
competent a. capable; adept |
competition n. struggle; rivalry; act of competing as for profit or a prize |
complement v. make something else seem better or more attractive when combining with it |
complex a. complicated in structure; a whole structure, as a building, made up of interconnected or related structures |
compliment n. a remark that expresses approval, admiration, or respect; praise |
compressor n. device that produces pressure, such as a gas compressor that produces pressurized gas; anything which serves to compress |
concentrate v. bring to or direct toward a common center; unite more closely; gather into one body |
concentration n. complete attention; intense mental effort |
conductor n. a device designed to transmit electricity, heat; person who collects fares on a public conveyance |
confetti n. small pieces of colored paper generally thrown about at festive occasions |
congratulations n. an expression of approval and commendation |
consequently ad. therefore; as a result or consequence of something; subsequently |
controlling v. exercise authoritative control or power over |
cringe v. shrink or recoil, as in fear, disgust or embarrassment; bend or crouch with base humility |
culminate v. reach the highest or most decisive point; rise to summit |
culprit n. someone who perpetrates wrongdoing |
deceive v. cause to believe what is not true; mislead |
delayed v. cause to be slowed down or delayed |
democracy n. a political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens who can elect people to represent them |
deodorant n. a substance that is used to prevent or hide unpleasant smells, like those of the body |
description n. sketch or account of anything in words |
diameter n. length of a straight line passing through the center of a circle and connecting two points on its edge |
diamond n. a precious stone consisting of a clear and colorless crystalline form of pure carbon |
discourage v. depress; take away hope from |
disgraceful a. giving offense to moral sensibilities and injurious to reputation |
dismissal n. termination of someone's employment |
distinguished a. prominent; celebrated, well-known or eminent because of past achievements |
dreadful a. very unpleasant; distasteful or shocking |
economics n. branch of social science that deals with the production and distribution and consumption of goods and services and their management |
economy n. system of trade and industry by which the wealth is made and used |
elementary a. easily dealt with; straightforward and fundamental |
embarrass v. cause someone to feel nervous, worried, or uncomfortable |
emotion n. a strong feeling such as love or anger, or strong feelings in general |
emphasize v. stress; underscore; utter or pronounce with a particular stress of voice |
encircle v. form a circle about; enclose within a circle or ring; surround |
encounter v. confront or meet, especially unexpectedly |
endurance n. perseverance; state or fact of persevering; continuing existence |
engineer v. design as an engineer |
environment n. surroundings; totality of surrounding conditions |
episode n. one of the single parts into which a story is divided, especially when it is broadcast on the tv |
erosion n. corrosion; a gradual decline of something |
eruption n. outbreak; sudden, often violent outburst |
evident a. easily seen or understood; obvious; apparent; clear |
exchange n. substitute; trade in; give in return for something received |
executive n. someone in a high position, like in business or government, who makes sure that laws or rules are carried out; administrator |
Exhibit v. give an exhibition of to an interested audience |
expensive a. high in price or charging high prices; costing a lot of money |
extinct a. no longer existing or living; vanished; dead |
extinguish v. stop a fire or a light burning; stop or get rid of an idea or feeling |
extraordinary a. exceptional; remarkable; beyond what is ordinary or usual |
extremely ad. to an extreme degree |
fabricate v. build; put together out of components or parts |
failure n. an unexpected omission |
fascinating a. capable of arousing and holding the attention |
fatigue n. physical or mental weariness; exhaustion |
flagrant a. obvious and offensive, blatant, scandalous; flaming into notice |
foreign a. belonging or connected to a country that is not your own |
forfeit v. lose or be deprived of property or a right or privilege as a penalty for wrongdoing |
frequently ad. many times at short intervals |
fundamental a. relating to foundation or base; elementary; primary; essential |
genuine a. authentic; sincerely and honestly felt or experienced; real or true |
ghetto n. a poor densely populated city district occupied by a minority ethnic group |
gradual a. proceeding by steps or degrees; advancing, step by step, as in ascent or descent or from one state to another; regularly progressive |
graffiti n. a rude decoration inscribed on rocks or walls |
grammar n. the branch of linguistics that deals with syntax and morphology (and sometimes also deals with semantics) |
grievance n. a complaint or a strong feeling caused by unfair treatment |
guarantee n. a promise that something will be done, will happen, or is true |
harass v. annoy or trouble someone repeatedly; torment persistently |
havoc n. wide and general destruction; devastation; waste |
heroic a. showing extreme courage; especially of actions courageously undertaken in desperation; of behavior that is impressive and ambitious in scale or scope |
hesitate v. pause or hold back in uncertainty or unwillingness |
horrify v. fill with apprehension or alarm; cause to be unpleasantly surprised |
hospital n. a health facility where patients receive treatment |
humid a. containing a high amount of water or water vapor |
humility n. quality or condition of being humble; low estimate of one's self; self-abasement |
hygiene n. conditions or practices conducive to maintaining health and preventing disease; sanitation |
identical a. duplicate or alike; being the exact same one |
idle a. given rest and ease; avoiding work or employment; lazy or vain |
idol n. someone who is admired and respected very much |
illegal a. prohibited by law, by official, or by accepted rules |
illustration n. picture; drawing; showing by example |
imaginary a. having existence only in the imagination; fanciful; visionary |
immediately ad. proximately; directly; without interval of time; without delay; promptly; instantly; at once |
immobilize v. stabilize; cause to be unable to move |
impossibility n. incapability of existing or occurring |
inconvenient a. not suited to your comfort, purpose or needs |
incredible a. unbelievable; beyond belief or understanding |
individual n. single person or thing; human regarded as a unique personality |
infamous a. notoriously bad; having exceedingly bad reputation |
influence n. power affecting person or thing; effect of one thing on another; flowing in or upon; influx |
informant n. someone who sees an event and reports what happened |
inhabit v. live in; occupy; reside in |
inherit v. receive from an ancestor by legal succession or will; receive by bequest or as a legacy |
innocence n. the quality of naivete; the state of being unsullied by sin or moral wrong; lacking a knowledge of evil |
innocent a. naive; lacking sense or awareness; free from evil or guilt |
instructor n. a person whose occupation is teaching |
intelligent a. ingenious or wise; mentally acute |
interruption n. a time interval during which there is a temporary cessation |
introduction n. formally making a person known to another or to the public |
involvement n. the act of sharing in the activities of a group |
irate a. feeling or showing extreme anger; enraged |
irresistible a. overwhelming; impossible to refuse or oppose because it is too pleasant and charming |
jealousy n. a feeling of unhappiness and anger because someone has something that you want; envy |
judgment n. the cognitive process of reaching a decision or drawing conclusions |
juvenile n. youth or adolescent; not fully grown or developed |
kettle n. a large hemispherical brass or copper percussion instrument with a drumhead that can be tuned by adjusting the tension on it |
knitting n. creating knitted wear |
laboratory n. a workplace for the conduct of scientific research |
language n. a body of words |
liquidation n. the act of exterminating |
management n. the act of managing something |
maneuver n. a movement or set of movements needing skill and care; strategy |
media n. public institutions that report the news, such as newspapers, radio, and tv |
mileage n. distance measured in miles |
miniature a. used to describe something that is a very small copy of an object |
morale n. confidence; mood or spirit of a group that makes the members wants the group to succeed |
mortgage n. transferring property title as security for the repayment of a loan |
movement n. a particular act of changing position or place |
murmur v. make low, confused, and indistinct sound, like that of running water |
musician n. artist who composes or conducts music as a profession |
mysterious a. beyond ordinary understanding |
negotiate v. discuss the terms of an arrangement |
nervous a. worried and anxious |
nuisance n. something that annoys or gives trouble and vexation; something that is offensive or noxious |
nurture v. nourish; help grow or develop; foster |
oasis n. fertile or green spot in a waste or desert |
obedient a. subject in will or act to authority; willing to obey; submissive to restraint, control, or command |
obstacle n. one that opposes, stands in the way of, or holds up progress |
obviously ad. unmistakably (`plain' is often used informally for `plainly') |
occasion n. a particular time, especially when something happens or has happened |
ordinarily ad. under normal conditions |
ordinary a. not exceptional in any way especially in quality or ability or size or degree; lacking special distinction, rank, or status |
organization n. a group of people who work together in an organized way for a shared purpose |
pamphlet n. brochure; leaflet; a small book usually having a paper cover |
panic n. sudden mass fear and anxiety |
panicky a. thrown into a state of intense fear or desperation |
parallel a. side by side and having the same distance continuously between them |
paralysis n. loss of the ability to move a body part |
paralyze v. make powerless and unable to function; disable |
pedestrian n. a person who is walking, especially in an area where vehicles go |
penicillin n. a type of antibiotic, used in the treatment of various infections and diseases |
phantom n. something apparently seen, heard, or sensed, but having no physical reality; ghost or apparition; sprite |
pheasant n. large long-tailed gallinaceous bird native to the Old World but introduced elsewhere |
phrase n. a group of words without a finite verb, especially used to form part of a sentence |
politely ad. in a polite manner |
popular a. of common people; suitable to common people; easy to be comprehended |
precipitation n. water that falls from the clouds towards the ground, especially as rain or snow |
principal a. highest in rank, authority, importance, or degree |
principle n. basic truth, law, or assumption; rule or law of nature; rule of personal conduct |
privilege n. special advantage or benefit not enjoyed by all; right reserved exclusively |
procedure n. act or manner of moving forward; steps taken in an action |
pronunciation n. the way a word or a language is customarily spoken |
psychology n. science that deals with mental processes and behavior |
puny a. insignificant; tiny; weak; of inferior size, strength |
qualified a. restricted; having the appropriate qualifications for an office, position, or task |
qualifying v. make fit or prepared |
quotation n. passage or expression that is quoted or cited; practice of quoting from books |
raspberry n. a small soft red fruit, or the bush on which it grows |
reasonable a. showing sound judgment; capable of reasoning; being within bounds of common sense |
receipt n. something proving that money, goods, or information have been received |
Receiving v. accept as true or valid |
recipe n. medical prescription; a set of directions for making or preparing something, especially food |
recognition n. acceptance ; appreciation; approval |
recommend v. suggest that something or someone is the best one to choose |
recruit v. register formally as a participant; engage for military service; enlist |
reprimand v. reprove severely, especially in a formal or official way; rebuke formally; censure severely or angrily |
resigned a. accepting one's fate; unresisting; patiently submissive; showing hopelessness |
restaurant n. a place where meals are prepared and served to customers |
rotten a. damaged by decay; hence unsound and useless |
sandwich n. two or more slices of bread with a filling between them |
scarcity n. a small and inadequate amount |
scenery n. landscape; view; view or views of natural features, especially in open country |
secretary n. a person who is the head of an administrative department of government |
significance n. the quality of being worthy of attention; importance |
simile n. comparison of one thing with another, in English generally using like or as |
sincerely ad. written formula for ending a letter |
sincerity n. a quality of naturalness and simplicity |
situation n. a condition or position in which you find yourself |
skeptical a. marked by or given to doubt; questioning |
slumber n. sleep; state of inactivity or dormancy |
smudge v. make a smudge on; soil by smudging |
solemn a. serious and without any humour |
souvenir n. token of remembrance; something you buy or keep to help remember a holiday or special event |
spacious a. wide, generous, or large in area or extent; sizable |
specific a. stated explicitly or in detail; definite |
stationary a. fixed or immobile; not capable of being moved |
stationery n. paper cut to right size for writing letters; writing materials and office supplies |
statistics n. a branch of applied mathematics concerned with the collection and interpretation of quantitative data |
subscription n. a payment for consecutive issues of a newspaper or magazine for a given period of time |
substitute v. exchange; use something or someone instead of another thing or person |
superintendent n. a person who is in charge of work done in a particular department or office |
supervisor n. director; overseer; one who is in charge of a particular unit, as in government or school system |
supposedly ad. seemingly; believed or reputed to be the case |
threatening a. darkened by clouds |
tolerate v. endure; withstand; allow without prohibiting or opposing; permit |
tongue n. organ situated in floor of mouth |
tournament n. sporting competition in which contestants play a series of games to decide the winner; contest |
tragedy n. event resulting in great loss and misfortune; disaster |
traitor n. one who violates his allegiance and betrays his country |
traveled a. familiar with many parts of the world |
traveling v. travel upon or across |
unfortunately ad. unluckily; by bad luck |
uniform n. a particular set of clothes for a particular group, like police |
university n. the body of faculty and students at a university |
unnecessary a. not necessary; not needed or wanted, or more than is needed or wanted |
valuable a. worth a great deal of money, especially for use or exchange |
various a. different from one another; of different kinds or sorts |
vehicle n. automobile; a machine, usually with wheels and an engine, to transport people or goods on land |
version n. written work in a new form; edition; interpretation of a particular viewpoint |
vertical a. upright in position or posture |
victim n. a person who has suffered the effects of violence, illness, or bad luck |
vigorously ad. with vigor; in a vigorous manner |
violation n. an act that disregards an agreement or a right |
visualize v. make visual, or visible; see in fancy; form a mental image of |
volcano n. a mountain with a large, circular hole at the top through which lava, gases, and dust are or have been forced out |
voyage n. long journey to a foreign or distant place, especially by sea; aviation |
wealthy a. having an abundant supply of money or possessions of value |
weapon n. arms; any object used in fighting or war, such as a gun, bomb, knife, etc. |
wheeze n. breathing with a husky or whistling sound |
wilderness n. a tract of land or region, uncultivated and uninhabited by human beings, whether a forest or a wide, barren plain; wild or desert |