Difficult IELTS Words - Group 1

by surprise; behind; in the rear

in opposing direction; harmful or unfavorable; acting or serving to oppose

offering or expressing an apology or excuse; serving as or containing a formal justification or defense

broaden or clarify by expanding; intensify; make larger or more powerful; increase

accepting with approval; favorable reception

list of works of a specific author or publisher; list of writings relating to a given subject

shortening something by omitting parts of it

annual payment of allowance or income; periodical payment, amounting to a fixed sum in each year

having weight of authority; peremptory and dictatorial

cancel; put an end to; destroy completely

replace or enhance human labor with machines

person to pilot, navigate, or as a crew member of spacecraft

exposure to air for freshening or drying; exposure to public attention; radio or television broadcast

being the first of its kind in a region; primitive; native

pile up; collect; mount up; increase

using or able to use two languages, especially with equal or nearly equal fluency

set out for display or use; place in orderly arrangement

ambition; longing

be full of; be plentiful

trade goods or services without the exchange of money

one skilled in giving cosmetic treatments; one who does hair styling, manicures, and other beauty treatments

fall or slide of a large mass, as of snow or rock, down a mountainside

scratch; friction

state without proof; assert to be true

arranged in customary order of the letters of a language

prevent; turn or cause to turn off or away

condense; shorten; reduce length of written text

unclear or doubtful in meaning

defensive covering, as of metal, wood, or leather, worn to protect the body against weapons

a group of nations, parties, or persons united for common action

great or plentiful amount; fullness to overflowing

offering or expressing an apology or excuse; serving as or containing a formal justification or defense

move faster; cause to develop or progress more quickly; occur sooner than expected

find out for certain; discover with certainty; make sure of

works for an expert to learn a trade; beginner; learner

unclear or doubtful in meaning

applaud; announce with great approval

resolve anything complex into its elements; separate into parts for purpose of examination of each separately

thin A bird-like or flying creature

set out for display or use; place in orderly arrangement

living quarters provided for public convenience; something that meets a need; convenience

A person, organization, or establishment associated with another, as a subordinate, subsidiary, or member

be next to; be contiguous to; border on

accepting with approval; favorable reception

replace or enhance human labor with machines

assert; confirm

ambition; longing

settlement or compromise of conflicting opinions; written agreement between two states

pile up; collect; mount up; increase

unclear or doubtful in meaning

ambition; longing

act of gathering or amassing, as into a heap or pile

trade goods or services without the exchange of money

in the middle of; among; surrounded by

offering or expressing an apology or excuse; serving as or containing a formal justification or defense

attach; add as supplement or appendix

assign; distribute according to plan

one who accuses; one who brings a charge of crime or fault

in opposing direction; harmful or unfavorable; acting or serving to oppose

inform about; cause to come to know personally; make familiar

no longer current or applicable; antiquated

fasten; append; add on; secure to something

ambition; longing

consent or comply passively or without protest; assent

stick fast; stick to firmly; be compatible or in accordance with

durable goods for home or office use; device or instrument for household use

displaying or by strong enthusiasm or devotion; passionate

expert at; very skilled; having or showing knowledge and skill and aptitude

condense; shorten; reduce length of written text

fall or slide of a large mass, as of snow or rock, down a mountainside

an artificial obstruction, such as a dam, built in a watercourse to increase its depth or to divert its flow; rapid and continuous delivery of linguistic communication

set out for display or use; place in orderly arrangement

stick fast; stick to firmly; be compatible or in accordance with

helpful; tending to promote physical well-being

by surprise; behind; in the rear

one who keeps accounts; one who has charge of keeping books and accounts in an office

adjoining; neighboring; close to; lying near

expert at; very skilled; having or showing knowledge and skill and aptitude

body of water partially enclosed by land but with a wide mouth; reddish-brown animal, especially a horse having a black tail

replace or enhance human labor with machines

be next to; be contiguous to; border on

combine; mix; make less pure; lessen or moderate

achieve or accomplish; gain

administer; supply; supervise or be in charge of

defensive covering, as of metal, wood, or leather, worn to protect the body against weapons

assign; distribute according to plan

In or toward the area behind the performing space in a theater, especially the area comprising the dressing rooms

settlement or compromise of conflicting opinions; written agreement between two states

body of water partially enclosed by land but with a wide mouth; reddish-brown animal, especially a horse having a black tail

state of growing up from childhood to manhood or womanhood; transitional period between youth and maturity

accepting with approval; favorable reception

book of literary selections by various authors

independence; self-government or the right of self-government; self-determination

brilliant burst of fire; flame

resolve anything complex into its elements; separate into parts for purpose of examination of each separately

two-sided; mutual

coming or arrival, especially of something extremely important

apply oil, ointment, or a similar substance to; choose by or as if by divine intervention

in opposing direction; harmful or unfavorable; acting or serving to oppose

demanding great effort or labor; difficult

exposure to air for freshening or drying; exposure to public attention; radio or television broadcast

great or plentiful amount; fullness to overflowing

of the air or atmosphere; produced by or found in the air; performed in the air

defensive covering, as of metal, wood, or leather, worn to protect the body against weapons

a passageway between rows of seats or shelves

show off oneself; speak of with excessive pride

elegant or tasteful; of or concerning appreciation of beauty or good taste

plant of the family of grasses, and genus Bambusa, growing in tropical countries

helper, additional or subsidiary

person who is present and participates in a meeting

with affection; lovingly; fondly; tenderly; kindly

spot or stain, as of ink on paper; blur; weak point or failing

frustrate as by confusing or perplexing; impede force or movement of

helper, additional or subsidiary

independence; self-government or the right of self-government; self-determination

A person, organization, or establishment associated with another, as a subordinate, subsidiary, or member

scratch; friction

consent or comply passively or without protest; assent

assert; confirm

attack from all sides; trouble persistently; hem in

metallic apparatus for sending or receiving electromagnetic waves

unclear or doubtful in meaning

considerable; perceptible

fasten; append; add on; secure to something

using or able to use two languages, especially with equal or nearly equal fluency

by surprise; behind; in the rear

cause pain, suffering or distress

resolve anything complex into its elements; separate into parts for purpose of examination of each separately

annual payment of allowance or income; periodical payment, amounting to a fixed sum in each year

administer; supply; supervise or be in charge of

change for the better; improve; remove faults or errors

amid; in the middle of; among

attack from all sides; trouble persistently; hem in

generously supplied with money, property, or possessions; prosperous or rich; plentiful; abundant

gather into a mass, sum, or whole; amount to

defensive covering, as of metal, wood, or leather, worn to protect the body against weapons

change for the better; improve; remove faults or errors

replace or enhance human labor with machines

coming or arrival, especially of something extremely important

seek to attain; long for; strive toward an end

helper, additional or subsidiary

anxiety; extreme emotional disturbance

demanding great effort or labor; difficult

be next to; be contiguous to; border on

in opposing direction; harmful or unfavorable; acting or serving to oppose

ready to consent or submit; acceptable

administer; supply; supervise or be in charge of

one skilled in giving cosmetic treatments; one who does hair styling, manicures, and other beauty treatments

exposure to air for freshening or drying; exposure to public attention; radio or television broadcast

find out for certain; discover with certainty; make sure of

a passageway between rows of seats or shelves

bring peace, quiet, or calm to; satisfy or relieve

space for ship to dock or anchor; allotted place; place to sleep or stay; appointment or job

state of growing up from childhood to manhood or womanhood; transitional period between youth and maturity

even though; although; notwithstanding

deep resonant sound, as of an explosion

in the middle of; among; surrounded by

varied; miscellaneous

instrument for determining the weight or pressure of the atmosphere

consent or comply passively or without protest; assent

varied; miscellaneous

state without proof; assert to be true

assert; confirm

apply oil, ointment, or a similar substance to; choose by or as if by divine intervention

excite; stimulate; awaken from or as if from sleep

provide physical relief, as from pain; make easier; remove in part

a method or means by which something may be accomplished

being the first of its kind in a region; primitive; native

assign; distribute according to plan

bring peace, quiet, or calm to; satisfy or relieve

parcel out in parts or portions; distribute to each individual concerned; assign as a share or lot

space for ship to dock or anchor; allotted place; place to sleep or stay; appointment or job

arranged in customary order of the letters of a language

of analysis; resolving into elements or parts

active resistance; condition of being an opposing principle, force, or factor

lacking moisture, especially having insufficient rainfall to support trees or woody plants

design, development, and production of aircraft

combine; mix; make less pure; lessen or moderate

plant of the family of grasses, and genus Bambusa, growing in tropical countries

two-sided; mutual

turn to advantage of; be of service to; profit; promote

arranged in customary order of the letters of a language

act of gathering or amassing, as into a heap or pile

state of being ambiguous; doubtfulness or uncertainty

resembling uncivilized persons, lacking refinement

short account of amusing or interesting event; short narrative; secret story of history or biography

design, development, and production of aircraft

declare or state with confidence; put oneself forward boldly

unclear or doubtful in meaning

even though; although; notwithstanding

change for the better; improve; remove faults or errors

cancel; put an end to; destroy completely

stall where books are sold, as on a street; table with enclosed sides, for displaying books for sale

quality of being genuine or trustworthy

able to live both on land and in water

achieve or accomplish; gain

in the middle of; among; surrounded by

lead into perplexity or confusion; perplex with mazes

resolve anything complex into its elements; separate into parts for purpose of examination of each separately

amid; in the middle of; among

active resistance; condition of being an opposing principle, force, or factor

varied; miscellaneous

able to live both on land and in water

state of being ambiguous; doubtfulness or uncertainty

thin A bird-like or flying creature

one who keeps accounts; one who has charge of keeping books and accounts in an office

inform about; cause to come to know personally; make familiar

helpful; tending to promote physical well-being

broaden or clarify by expanding; intensify; make larger or more powerful; increase

great or plentiful amount; fullness to overflowing

resolve anything complex into its elements; separate into parts for purpose of examination of each separately

of the air or atmosphere; produced by or found in the air; performed in the air

frustrate as by confusing or perplexing; impede force or movement of

adjoining; neighboring; close to; lying near

of analysis; resolving into elements or parts

show off oneself; speak of with excessive pride

lacking moisture, especially having insufficient rainfall to support trees or woody plants

book of literary selections by various authors

sharp cutting edge of a knife; sword or knife; swords-man

with affection; lovingly; fondly; tenderly; kindly

forefather; forebear; forerunner or predecessor

helpful; tending to promote physical well-being

show off oneself; speak of with excessive pride

helper, additional or subsidiary

In or toward the area behind the performing space in a theater, especially the area comprising the dressing rooms

short account of amusing or interesting event; short narrative; secret story of history or biography

scratch; friction

cause pain, suffering or distress

A person, organization, or establishment associated with another, as a subordinate, subsidiary, or member

destroy completely; reduce to nonexistence

annual payment of allowance or income; periodical payment, amounting to a fixed sum in each year

structure set up across a route of access to obstruct the passage of an enemy

two-sided; mutual

consent or comply passively or without protest; assent

apply oil, ointment, or a similar substance to; choose by or as if by divine intervention

ambition; longing

move faster; cause to develop or progress more quickly; occur sooner than expected

generously supplied with money, property, or possessions; prosperous or rich; plentiful; abundant

In or toward the area behind the performing space in a theater, especially the area comprising the dressing rooms

using or able to use two languages, especially with equal or nearly equal fluency

active resistance; condition of being an opposing principle, force, or factor

be full of; be plentiful

space for ship to dock or anchor; allotted place; place to sleep or stay; appointment or job

settlement or compromise of conflicting opinions; written agreement between two states

spot or stain, as of ink on paper; blur; weak point or failing

opposite to the northern or arctic pole; relating to the southern pole or to the region near it

metallic apparatus for sending or receiving electromagnetic waves

thin A bird-like or flying creature

seek to attain; long for; strive toward an end

approach; come near

of analysis; resolving into elements or parts

amid; in the middle of; among

book of literary selections by various authors

apply oil, ointment, or a similar substance to; choose by or as if by divine intervention

independence; self-government or the right of self-government; self-determination

word of opposite meaning; counter term

body of water partially enclosed by land but with a wide mouth; reddish-brown animal, especially a horse having a black tail

arranged in customary order of the letters of a language

approach; come near

scratch; friction

provide physical relief, as from pain; make easier; remove in part

highest point; the vertex; usually pointed end of an object; the tip

able to live both on land and in water

affect with wonder; surprise; shock

generously supplied with money, property, or possessions; prosperous or rich; plentiful; abundant

offering or expressing an apology or excuse; serving as or containing a formal justification or defense

highest point; the vertex; usually pointed end of an object; the tip

game played on a court with light long-handled rackets

a group of parts that work together to perform given function; appliance or device for particular purpose

case with shelves for holding books, especially one with glazed doors

resolve anything complex into its elements; separate into parts for purpose of examination of each separately

bring peace, quiet, or calm to; satisfy or relieve

single celled organism with no nucleus

an artificial obstruction, such as a dam, built in a watercourse to increase its depth or to divert its flow; rapid and continuous delivery of linguistic communication

thin A bird-like or flying creature

even though; although; notwithstanding

varied; miscellaneous

attach; add as supplement or appendix

formation of a close human relationship, as between friends; emotional and physical attachment occurring between a parent or parent figure

pile up; collect; mount up; increase

durable goods for home or office use; device or instrument for household use

varied; miscellaneous

change for the better; improve; remove faults or errors

the center around which something rotates; pivot

state without proof; assert to be true

demanding great effort or labor; difficult

assessment; evaluation; the classification of someone or something with respect to its worth

apply oil, ointment, or a similar substance to; choose by or as if by divine intervention

cancel; put an end to; destroy completely

broaden or clarify by expanding; intensify; make larger or more powerful; increase

great or plentiful amount; fullness to overflowing

quality of being genuine or trustworthy

considerable; perceptible

stall where books are sold, as on a street; table with enclosed sides, for displaying books for sale

essential quality; reputation; honor

prevent; turn or cause to turn off or away

works for an expert to learn a trade; beginner; learner

two-sided; mutual

approach; come near

brilliant burst of fire; flame

even though; although; notwithstanding

likely; exactly suitable; appropriate; quick to learn or understand

fasten; append; add on; secure to something

helper, additional or subsidiary

single celled organism with no nucleus

affect with wonder; surprise; shock

quality of being genuine or trustworthy

consisting of, relating to, or being in water

two-sided; mutual

randomly chosen; determined by chance or impulse, and not by reason or principle

considerable; perceptible

lacking moisture, especially having insufficient rainfall to support trees or woody plants

case with shelves for holding books, especially one with glazed doors

condense; shorten; reduce length of written text

no longer current or applicable; antiquated

assign; distribute according to plan

brilliant burst of fire; flame

displaying or by strong enthusiasm or devotion; passionate

helpful; tending to promote physical well-being

state without proof; assert to be true

scratch; friction

combine; mix; make less pure; lessen or moderate

using or able to use two languages, especially with equal or nearly equal fluency

a place offering protection and shelter

demanding great effort or labor; difficult

metallic apparatus for sending or receiving electromagnetic waves

lacking moisture, especially having insufficient rainfall to support trees or woody plants

anxiety; extreme emotional disturbance

by surprise; behind; in the rear

book of literary selections by various authors

defensive covering, as of metal, wood, or leather, worn to protect the body against weapons

forefather; forebear; forerunner or predecessor

act or process of converting the controlling of a machine or device to a more automatic system, such as computer or electronic controls

declare or state with confidence; put oneself forward boldly

offering or expressing an apology or excuse; serving as or containing a formal justification or defense

highest point; the vertex; usually pointed end of an object; the tip

excite; stimulate; awaken from or as if from sleep

structure set up across a route of access to obstruct the passage of an enemy

set out for display or use; place in orderly arrangement

great or plentiful amount; fullness to overflowing

apply oil, ointment, or a similar substance to; choose by or as if by divine intervention

an artificial obstruction, such as a dam, built in a watercourse to increase its depth or to divert its flow; rapid and continuous delivery of linguistic communication

stock or supply, usually of weapons

word of opposite meaning; counter term

helpful; tending to promote physical well-being

essential quality; reputation; honor

great or plentiful amount; fullness to overflowing

achieve or accomplish; gain

the act of rising or going upward

metallic apparatus for sending or receiving electromagnetic waves

excite; stimulate; awaken from or as if from sleep

In or toward the area behind the performing space in a theater, especially the area comprising the dressing rooms

case with shelves for holding books, especially one with glazed doors

find out for certain; discover with certainty; make sure of

be next to; be contiguous to; border on

accepting with approval; favorable reception

provide physical relief, as from pain; make easier; remove in part

inscribe or dedicate; attribute to a specified cause, source, or origin; assign as a quality

forefather; forebear; forerunner or predecessor

of the air or atmosphere; produced by or found in the air; performed in the air

act of gathering or amassing, as into a heap or pile

ambition; longing

serious mistake typically caused by ignorance or confusion

case with shelves for holding books, especially one with glazed doors

great or plentiful amount; fullness to overflowing

a method or means by which something may be accomplished

quality of being genuine or trustworthy

seek to attain; long for; strive toward an end

the center around which something rotates; pivot

be full of; be plentiful

deep resonant sound, as of an explosion

declare or state with confidence; put oneself forward boldly

perceptible; heard or perceptible by the ear

state without proof; assert to be true

varied; miscellaneous

no longer current or applicable; antiquated

affect with wonder; surprise; shock

active resistance; condition of being an opposing principle, force, or factor

combine; mix; make less pure; lessen or moderate

plant of the family of grasses, and genus Bambusa, growing in tropical countries

person to pilot, navigate, or as a crew member of spacecraft

great or plentiful amount; fullness to overflowing

lacking moisture, especially having insufficient rainfall to support trees or woody plants

amid; in the middle of; among

destroy completely; reduce to nonexistence

durable goods for home or office use; device or instrument for household use

case with shelves for holding books, especially one with glazed doors

a place offering protection and shelter

achieve or accomplish; gain

lead into perplexity or confusion; perplex with mazes

excite; stimulate; awaken from or as if from sleep

person who is present and participates in a meeting

parcel out in parts or portions; distribute to each individual concerned; assign as a share or lot

person who is present and participates in a meeting

a group of parts that work together to perform given function; appliance or device for particular purpose

coming or arrival, especially of something extremely important

person who is present and participates in a meeting

plant of the family of grasses, and genus Bambusa, growing in tropical countries

essential quality; reputation; honor

ready to consent or submit; acceptable

state of being ambiguous; doubtfulness or uncertainty

perceptible; heard or perceptible by the ear

scratch; friction

be full of; be plentiful

make greater, as in size, extent, or quantity

by surprise; behind; in the rear

an artificial obstruction, such as a dam, built in a watercourse to increase its depth or to divert its flow; rapid and continuous delivery of linguistic communication

word of opposite meaning; counter term

quality of being genuine or trustworthy

with affection; lovingly; fondly; tenderly; kindly

resembling uncivilized persons, lacking refinement

state of being ambiguous; doubtfulness or uncertainty

sharp cutting edge of a knife; sword or knife; swords-man

having weight of authority; peremptory and dictatorial

anxiety; extreme emotional disturbance

lead into perplexity or confusion; perplex with mazes

find out for certain; discover with certainty; make sure of

stock or supply, usually of weapons

assessment; evaluation; the classification of someone or something with respect to its worth

replace or enhance human labor with machines

act or process of converting the controlling of a machine or device to a more automatic system, such as computer or electronic controls

state of growing up from childhood to manhood or womanhood; transitional period between youth and maturity

inform about; cause to come to know personally; make familiar

thin A bird-like or flying creature

independence; self-government or the right of self-government; self-determination

ambition; longing

demanding great effort or labor; difficult

metallic apparatus for sending or receiving electromagnetic waves

active resistance; condition of being an opposing principle, force, or factor

game played on a court with light long-handled rackets

helper, additional or subsidiary

randomly chosen; determined by chance or impulse, and not by reason or principle

gather into a mass, sum, or whole; amount to

state of being ambiguous; doubtfulness or uncertainty

be full of; be plentiful

turn to advantage of; be of service to; profit; promote

of analysis; resolving into elements or parts

shortening something by omitting parts of it

set out for display or use; place in orderly arrangement

fall or slide of a large mass, as of snow or rock, down a mountainside

a method or means by which something may be accomplished

stall where books are sold, as on a street; table with enclosed sides, for displaying books for sale

short account of amusing or interesting event; short narrative; secret story of history or biography

lacking moisture, especially having insufficient rainfall to support trees or woody plants

prevent; turn or cause to turn off or away

settlement or compromise of conflicting opinions; written agreement between two states

one who accuses; one who brings a charge of crime or fault

space for ship to dock or anchor; allotted place; place to sleep or stay; appointment or job

with affection; lovingly; fondly; tenderly; kindly

varied; miscellaneous

thin A bird-like or flying creature

inform about; cause to come to know personally; make familiar

design, development, and production of aircraft

broaden or clarify by expanding; intensify; make larger or more powerful; increase

opposite to the northern or arctic pole; relating to the southern pole or to the region near it

bring peace, quiet, or calm to; satisfy or relieve

bring peace, quiet, or calm to; satisfy or relieve

rouse from sleep;stir the interest of; excite

demanding great effort or labor; difficult

unclear or doubtful in meaning

single celled organism with no nucleus

one who accuses; one who brings a charge of crime or fault

cancel; put an end to; destroy completely

the center around which something rotates; pivot

quality of being genuine or trustworthy

considerable; perceptible

In or toward the area behind the performing space in a theater, especially the area comprising the dressing rooms

state without proof; assert to be true

game played on a court with light long-handled rackets

book of literary selections by various authors

formation of a close human relationship, as between friends; emotional and physical attachment occurring between a parent or parent figure

single celled organism with no nucleus

condense; shorten; reduce length of written text

body of water partially enclosed by land but with a wide mouth; reddish-brown animal, especially a horse having a black tail

person who is present and participates in a meeting

game played on a court with light long-handled rackets

frustrate as by confusing or perplexing; impede force or movement of

the act of rising or going upward

affect with wonder; surprise; shock

be full of; be plentiful

applaud; announce with great approval

plant of the family of grasses, and genus Bambusa, growing in tropical countries

combine; mix; make less pure; lessen or moderate

list of works of a specific author or publisher; list of writings relating to a given subject

resembling uncivilized persons, lacking refinement

assign; distribute according to plan

act of gathering or amassing, as into a heap or pile

be full of; be plentiful

applaud; announce with great approval

instrument for determining the weight or pressure of the atmosphere

plant of the family of grasses, and genus Bambusa, growing in tropical countries

anxiety; extreme emotional disturbance

an artificial obstruction, such as a dam, built in a watercourse to increase its depth or to divert its flow; rapid and continuous delivery of linguistic communication

annual payment of allowance or income; periodical payment, amounting to a fixed sum in each year

pile up; collect; mount up; increase

game played on a court with light long-handled rackets

structure set up across a route of access to obstruct the passage of an enemy

amid; in the middle of; among

trade goods or services without the exchange of money

assessment; evaluation; the classification of someone or something with respect to its worth

provide physical relief, as from pain; make easier; remove in part

cause pain, suffering or distress

stall where books are sold, as on a street; table with enclosed sides, for displaying books for sale

shortening something by omitting parts of it

inscribe or dedicate; attribute to a specified cause, source, or origin; assign as a quality

body of water partially enclosed by land but with a wide mouth; reddish-brown animal, especially a horse having a black tail

state of growing up from childhood to manhood or womanhood; transitional period between youth and maturity

small piece of material, such as glass, plastic, or wood, that is pierced for stringing

randomly chosen; determined by chance or impulse, and not by reason or principle

helper, additional or subsidiary

one skilled in giving cosmetic treatments; one who does hair styling, manicures, and other beauty treatments

turn to advantage of; be of service to; profit; promote

In or toward the area behind the performing space in a theater, especially the area comprising the dressing rooms

be full of; be plentiful

attack from all sides; trouble persistently; hem in

living quarters provided for public convenience; something that meets a need; convenience

helpful; tending to promote physical well-being

in the middle of; among; surrounded by

assign; distribute according to plan

stick fast; stick to firmly; be compatible or in accordance with

exposure to air for freshening or drying; exposure to public attention; radio or television broadcast

space for ship to dock or anchor; allotted place; place to sleep or stay; appointment or job

attack from all sides; trouble persistently; hem in

helper, additional or subsidiary

scratch; friction

offering or expressing an apology or excuse; serving as or containing a formal justification or defense

a group of parts that work together to perform given function; appliance or device for particular purpose

lead into perplexity or confusion; perplex with mazes

assert; confirm

no longer current or applicable; antiquated

durable goods for home or office use; device or instrument for household use

with affection; lovingly; fondly; tenderly; kindly

instrument for determining the weight or pressure of the atmosphere

list of works of a specific author or publisher; list of writings relating to a given subject

structure set up across a route of access to obstruct the passage of an enemy

two-sided; mutual

combine; mix; make less pure; lessen or moderate

declare or state with confidence; put oneself forward boldly

using or able to use two languages, especially with equal or nearly equal fluency

condense; shorten; reduce length of written text

body of water partially enclosed by land but with a wide mouth; reddish-brown animal, especially a horse having a black tail

one who keeps accounts; one who has charge of keeping books and accounts in an office

resolve anything complex into its elements; separate into parts for purpose of examination of each separately

mineral pitch; black, tarry substance, burning with a bright flame

an artificial obstruction, such as a dam, built in a watercourse to increase its depth or to divert its flow; rapid and continuous delivery of linguistic communication

with affection; lovingly; fondly; tenderly; kindly

demanding great effort or labor; difficult

sharp cutting edge of a knife; sword or knife; swords-man

anxiety; extreme emotional disturbance

plant of the family of grasses, and genus Bambusa, growing in tropical countries

of analysis; resolving into elements or parts

mineral pitch; black, tarry substance, burning with a bright flame

brilliant burst of fire; flame

fasten; append; add on; secure to something

settlement or compromise of conflicting opinions; written agreement between two states

a group of nations, parties, or persons united for common action

one skilled in giving cosmetic treatments; one who does hair styling, manicures, and other beauty treatments

metallic apparatus for sending or receiving electromagnetic waves

essential quality; reputation; honor

inform about; cause to come to know personally; make familiar

spot or stain, as of ink on paper; blur; weak point or failing

in opposing direction; harmful or unfavorable; acting or serving to oppose

serious mistake typically caused by ignorance or confusion

lacking moisture, especially having insufficient rainfall to support trees or woody plants

no longer current or applicable; antiquated

ambition; longing

person to pilot, navigate, or as a crew member of spacecraft

two-sided; mutual

show off oneself; speak of with excessive pride

scratch; friction

formation of a close human relationship, as between friends; emotional and physical attachment occurring between a parent or parent figure

person who is present and participates in a meeting

mineral pitch; black, tarry substance, burning with a bright flame

of analysis; resolving into elements or parts

sharp cutting edge of a knife; sword or knife; swords-man

of the air or atmosphere; produced by or found in the air; performed in the air

case with shelves for holding books, especially one with glazed doors

one who keeps accounts; one who has charge of keeping books and accounts in an office

offering or expressing an apology or excuse; serving as or containing a formal justification or defense

deep resonant sound, as of an explosion

arranged in customary order of the letters of a language

stall where books are sold, as on a street; table with enclosed sides, for displaying books for sale

affect with wonder; surprise; shock

randomly chosen; determined by chance or impulse, and not by reason or principle

consent or comply passively or without protest; assent

deep resonant sound, as of an explosion

change for the better; improve; remove faults or errors

able to live both on land and in water

trade goods or services without the exchange of money