abiotic | physical rather than biological; not derived from living organisms |
acceleration | faster rate of improvement; rate of change of velocity with respect to time |
biotic | of or relating to living organisms |
chemical compound | a substance formed by chemical union of two or more elements or ingredients in definite proportion by weight |
chemical element | any of the more than 100 known substances (of which 92 occur naturally) that cannot be separated into simpler substances and that singly or in combination constitute all matter |
chemical energy | that part of the energy in a substance that can be released by a chemical reaction |
chemical reaction | a process in which one or more substances are changed into others |
comets | celestial object consisting of a nucleus of ice and dust and, when near the sun, a tail of gas and dust particles pointing away from the sun |
constant velocity | a speed that does not change how fast it is, or the direction that it is in |
continental drift | the gradual movement and formation of continents (as described by plate tectonics) |
continental glaciation | unrestricted ice sheets that once covered much of the northern continents but are now found only at high latitudes |
control | a relation of constraint of one entity (thing or person or group) by another; the state that exists when one person or group has power over another |
crustal deformation | referring to the physical deformation of land, the change occurs from within the earth's crust due to the folding and faulting processes that affect the continental plates |
dispersal | the act of dispersing or diffusing something |
DNA | a long linear polymer found in the nucleus of a cell and formed from nucleotides and shaped like a double helix; associated with the transmission of genetic information |
dominant | exercising influence or control; major; important; outweighing |
elements | substance composed of atoms having an identical number of protons in each nucleus |
forces | vector quantity that tends to produce an acceleration of a body in the direction of its application |
hypothesis | assumption; theory |
Law of Conservation of Matter | a fundamental principle of classical physics that matter cannot be created or destroyed in an isolated system |
monohybrid cross | genetic cross using a single trait with two alleles |
net forces | a measure of the force being exerted on an object; zero net force means an object is at rest or moving at a constant speed |
Newton laws of motion | three physical laws that together laid the foundation for classical mechanics |
pH | a figure expressing the acidity or alkalinity of a solution on a logarithmic scale on which 7 is neutral, lower values are more acid, and higher values more alkaline |
plate tectonics | the branch of geology studying the folding and faulting of the earth's crust |
Punnett square | a diagram that is used to predict an outcome of a particular cross or breeding experiment |
recessive traits | a genetic trait that results from the expression of the two recessive alleles |
rock cycle | an cycle of processes undergone by rocks in the earth's crust |
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