4000 CPE Vocabulary List

manual computing device consisting of a frame holding parallel rods strung with movable counters

greediness for wealth; the insatiable desire to gain

coming or arrival, especially of something extremely important

plentiful; possessing riches or resources

contrast; direct contrast; opposition

mental keenness; quickness of perception

confederate; partner; collaborator

humiliate; lower or depress in rank or esteem

providing nourishment; concerned with food, nutrition, or digestion

branch of physics that studies celestial bodies and the universe as a whole

one who abandons his religious faith or political beliefs

embarrass; make ashamed or uneasy; disconcert

estimate value of; evaluate, especially in an official capacity

subside; decrease; become less in amount or intensity

loss of speech due to injury or illness

amazed; very surprised

make or become better; improve; grow better

candidate; a person who formally requests something, especially a job

close attention; work of applying something; verbal or written request for assistance

make shorter; reduce to shorter form intended to represent full form, as for word or phrase

shortening something by omitting parts of it

friendship; peaceful relations, as between nations

designate; nominate; choose someone officially for a job or responsibility

formless; lacking shape or definition

give up, renounce, abandon, lay down, or withdraw from, as a right or claim

positive; affirming confidently; affirmative; peremptory

something added or to be added, especially a supplement to a book

combine; unite in one body; mix or alloy metal with mercury

a tiny piece of anything; the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element

self-evident truth requiring no proof

declare openly; acknowledge openly, boldly, and unashamedly

abnormal;  markedly different from an accepted norm

aid, usually in doing something wrong; encourage

bottomless; very profound; limitless; very bad

broaden or clarify by expanding; intensify; make larger or more powerful; increase

the bitterness of speech and temper; sourness or acidness of taste, character, or tone

sky blue; light purplish-blue

suspended action; temporary cessation or suspension

pertaining to land or its cultivation; relating to agricultural or rural matters

abnormal;  markedly different from an accepted norm

gentle or friendly reproof; cautionary advice or warning

air; a mixture of gases that surrounds any planet

fill with horror and loathing; horrify; hate

make or become better; improve; grow better

renounce upon oath; abandon forever

untrue; of questionable authorship or authenticity; erroneous; fictitious

a person who argues in defense or justification of something, such as doctrine, policy, or institution

something added or to be added, especially a supplement to a book

definition or concise statement of principle; tersely phrased statement of truth or opinion

dry; lacking moisture, especially having insufficient rainfall to support trees or plants

sharpness; acuteness of vision or perception; keenness

burning; radiant; bright; keenly excited; resembling flame in brilliance or color

being in debt; unpaid, overdue debt or an unfulfilled obligation

washing or cleansing of the body, especially as part of religious rite

assault; attack with or as if with violent blows

estimate value of; evaluate, especially in an official capacity

give up or surrender; deny something to oneself

fearlessly, often recklessly daring; bold

candidate; a person who formally requests something, especially a job

apply oil or similar substance to; put oil on during religious ceremony as a sign of sanctification or consecration.

capable of using either hand with equal ease

repudiation; self-sacrifice; renouncing your own interests in favor of interests of others

curved or hooked like an eagle's beak

good-natured and likable; lovable; warmly friendly

expression of warm approval; praise

group of closely located islands

eye defect that prevents proper focus

act of waiting; delay; stay or continuance in a place

repetition of a beginning sound in poetry

cancel; put an end to; destroy completely

formless; lacking shape or definition

bottomless; very profound; limitless; very bad

a reformer who favors abolishing slavery

friendship; peaceful relations, as between nations

a box-shaped musical instrument consisting of a folded central part with a keyboard

flexible; becoming or being made suitable to a particular situation or use

muddle; drive crazy; become confused

act of judging or assessing; amount determined as payable

detestable; extremely unpleasant; very bad

be earlier in time; go back further

established procedure for solving problem

cut off part of the body, especially by surgery; prune

abolish, do away with, or annul, especially by authority

being the first of its kind in a region; primitive; native

inherited or inheritable by established rules

in a position that is turned toward one side; away from the correct course

unselfishly generous; concerned for others

unsuccessful; failing to accomplish an intended objective; fruitless

state of being ambiguous; doubtfulness or uncertainty

unpleasantly sharp or bitter to taste or smell; bitterly pungent

make greater, as in size, extent, or quantity

be full of; be plentiful

be earlier in time; go back further

cause someone to become dependent; indulge in; be devoted to

wear away by friction; scrape; erode

fruit of the oak, being an oval nut growing in a woody cup; a cone-shaped piece of wood

help, especially money or resources that are given to people

a change or changes made to the words of a text; revision

scratch; friction; the process of rubbing away the surface of something

annual payment of allowance or income; periodical payment, amounting to a fixed sum in each year

something appended to or accompanying, a principal or greater thing, though not necessary to it

anxiety; extreme emotional disturbance

condense; shorten; reduce length of written text

not identical on both sides of a dividing central line

regarding human beings as the center of the universe

expert at; very skilled; having or showing knowledge and skill and aptitude

abolish, do away with, or annul, especially by authority

large enough to be noticed or to affect; perceptible

theory of numerical calculations

precede; go before in time, and sometimes in place, rank, or logical order

broken off; very steep; having sudden transitions from one subject to another

strict or severe in the discipline; severely simple and unornamented

humiliate; lower or depress in rank or esteem

astonish; affect with wonder

wasting away; decrease in size; reduction in the functionality of an organ caused by disease

leave quickly and secretly and hide oneself, often to avoid arrest or prosecution

act of awaking from sleep; arousing from what is like sleep

temptation; enticement; any real or apparent good held forth or operating, as a motive to action

depress or discourage with fear; grow faint or become weak

assimilate or incorporate; suck or drink up; occupy full attention

mentally quick; moving quickly and lightly

arrangement; association; alliance

refrain; hold oneself back voluntarily from an action or practice

amazed; very surprised

express agreement to what is alleged or proposed; accept

sparing or moderation in eating and drinking; temperate

resemblance to remote ancestors rather than to parents; deformity returning after the passage of two or more generations

refrain; hold oneself back voluntarily from an action or practice

appeal; a characteristic that provides pleasure and attracts

mixed;  experiencing or expressing opposing or contradictory feelings

comparable; similar or alike

obscure; profound; difficult to understand

declare to be true; affirm

regarding human beings as the center of the universe

quality of being absurd or inconsistent with obvious truth, reason, or sound judgment; logical contradiction

hand tool for boring holes; hollow drill used to take core samples of soil, ice

something, such as an accomplishment or achievement; achievement

plentiful; possessing riches or resources

precede; go before in time, and sometimes in place, rank, or logical order

give up, renounce, abandon, lay down, or withdraw from, as a right or claim

very similarly; roughly

area of theater or concert hall where the audience sits

border upon; adjoin; touch or end at one end or side; lie adjacent

feeling or showing a lack of interest or concern; indifferent

attended by favorable circumstances; marked by success; prosperous

bottomless; very profound; limitless; very bad

formless; lacking shape or definition

pleasantness resulting from agreeable conditions

bottomless; very profound; limitless; very bad

applaud; announce with great approval

a scholar who is skilled in academic disputation

estimate  value; judge worth of something

elevation to godhood; fact or action of becoming a god; an ideal example of something

analyze; evaluate; examine by trial or experiment; put to the test

agree; give consent, often at the insistence of another; concede

achievement; fulfillment; something that is successful

condense; shorten; reduce length of written text

a tiny piece of anything; the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element

emphasize; stress; pronounce with stress or accent; mark with an accent

fill with horror and loathing; horrify; hate

the attribute of being easy to meet or deal with

be thankful for; increase in worth; be thoroughly conscious of

a way of considering or doing something

unselfishly generous; concerned for others

additional object; useful but not essential thing; subordinate or supplementary item

group of closely located islands

slightly sour in taste or manner; sharp; caustic

incorporate and absorb into mind; make similar; cause to resemble

nest of a bird, such as an eagle, built on a cliff or other high place

characteristic of dawn; dawning, eastern, like a new beginning; relating to the atmospheric phenomenon auroras

applaud; announce with great approval

slightly sour in taste or manner; sharp; caustic

area of theater or concert hall where the audience sits

accustom or become accustomed to a new environment or situation; adapt

prove genuine; establish authenticity of

dry; lacking moisture, especially having insufficient rainfall to support trees or plants

suspended action; temporary cessation or suspension

bitter and sharp in language, tone, or manner

upward slope, as of hill

skillful and adept under pressing conditions

award of merit; expression of approval; praise

highest point; vertex; summit; climax

sharpness; acuteness of vision or perception; keenness

a passage from one form or state to another; change

declare openly; acknowledge openly, boldly, and unashamedly

theory of numerical calculations

unpleasantly sharp or bitter to taste or smell; bitterly pungent

act of accompanying someone or something

authorize; commission; give credit for

essential quality; reputation; honor

attendant; appearing or going with someone or something else

give hint or indication of something; disclose partially or guardedly; overshadow; shade

state of being ambiguous; doubtfulness or uncertainty

family descent; series or line of ancestors; lineage

aspiring; having a strong desire for success or achievement

achievement; fulfillment; something that is successful

greediness for wealth; the insatiable desire to gain

burning; radiant; bright; keenly excited; resembling flame in brilliance or color

a box-shaped musical instrument consisting of a folded central part with a keyboard

ghostly figure; sudden or unusual sight; appearance; state of being visible

approach and speak to boldly or aggressively, as with demand or request

weighting authority; peremptory and dictatorial

assessment; evaluation; the classification of someone or something with respect to its worth

convenient features; courtesies

science of sound; the quality that makes a room easy or hard to hear in

act of playing honor to a divine being; worship paid to God; the act of addressing as a god

equip; provide with military equipment

expert at; very skilled; having or showing knowledge and skill and aptitude

study of artifacts and relics of early humankind

authorize; commission; give credit for

clay; brick; sun-dried brick; structure built with this type of brick

deviating from normal or common order, form, or rule

a gradual decrease in numbers; reduction in the workforce without firing employees; wearing away through harassment

branch of physics that studies celestial bodies and the universe as a whole

growth or increase in size by gradual external addition, fusion, or inclusion

increase the scope of; extend; intensify; make greater in power, influence, stature, or reputation

increase, accumulate, or come about as a result of growth; accumulate over time

in the manner of an uncle, about uncle; kind, genial, benevolent, or tolerant

dictator; ruler having unlimited power

in or into a high place; high or higher up

make impure by adding inferior or tainted substances

beg pardon; tell someone that you are sorry for having done something

pile up; collect;  mount up; increase

art of training by athletic exercises; games and sports of athletes

blame; say that someone has done something morally wrong, illegal, or unkind

a chronological record of the events of successive years

slightly sour in taste or manner; sharp; caustic

expecting absolute obedience; completely dominating another's will

into separate parts or pieces; apart

resemblance to remote ancestors rather than to parents; deformity returning after the passage of two or more generations

upward slope or grade; movement upward

the bitterness of speech and temper; sourness or acidness of taste, character, or tone

having properties of vinegar; sour

awesome; astounding; surprising

additional object; useful but not essential thing; subordinate or supplementary item

act of judging or assessing; amount determined as payable

flexible; becoming or being made suitable to a particular situation or use

with a sideways or indirect look; Turned to side, especially of eyes

fit for growing crops, as by plowing

slightly sour in taste or manner; sharp; caustic

something you cannot stop taking once you have started

fruit of the oak, being an oval nut growing in a woody cup; a cone-shaped piece of wood

symbolic representation of abstract ideas or principles in narrative, dramatic, or pictorial form

worsen; make worse or more troublesome

manually skilled worker; craftsman, as opposed to an artist

free of artificiality; natural; open and honest

science of sound; the quality that makes a room easy or hard to hear in

temptation; enticement; any real or apparent good held forth or operating, as a motive to action

collect; gather for oneself, as for one's pleasure or profit

combine; mix; make less pure; lessen or moderate

experiencing extreme discomfort or discontent; feeling, expressing, or caused by anguish

assent; agree without protesting

leading a life of self-discipline and self-denial; austere

act of contracting or assuming or acquiring possession of something

flexible; becoming or being made suitable to a particular situation or use

pin or spindle on which a wheel revolves, or which revolves with a wheel; transverse bar connecting the opposite wheels

providing nourishment; concerned with food, nutrition, or digestion

unpleasantly sharp or bitter to taste or smell; bitterly pungent

unselfishly generous; concerned for others

comparable; similar or alike

anxiety; extreme emotional disturbance

positive; affirming confidently; affirmative; peremptory

bitter and sharp in language, tone, or manner

emphasize; stress; pronounce with stress or accent; mark with an accent

the highest point; point in an orbit most distant from the body being orbited

declare or state with confidence; put oneself forward boldly

an abbreviation consisting of the first letters of each word in the name of something

give up or surrender; deny something to oneself

one who is skeptical of the existence of a god or any ultimate reality

fear of heights; abnormal fear of high places

displaying characteristics of previous cultural era or previous ancestral form

group of closely located islands

free of artificiality; natural; open and honest

calculating; pertaining to insurance statistics

apart; remote in manner; distant physically or emotionally; reserved and remote

one who is skeptical of the existence of a god or any ultimate reality

wasting away; decrease in size; reduction in the functionality of an organ caused by disease

put into motion or action; activate

assimilate or incorporate; suck or drink up; occupy full attention

in the manner of an uncle, about uncle; kind, genial, benevolent, or tolerant

sharpness; acuteness of vision or perception; keenness

combine; mix; make less pure; lessen or moderate

a bond, as of affection or loyalty; fond regard; supplementary part; accessory

hereditary nobility; privileged class

symbolic representation of abstract ideas or principles in narrative, dramatic, or pictorial form

eye defect that prevents proper focus

fit for growing crops, as by plowing

mental keenness; quickness of perception

one who abandons his religious faith or political beliefs

cause to move with violence or sudden force; upset; disturb

wise saying; brief familiar proverb;  expression of popular wisdom

capable of knowing; conscious; relating to the faculty of apprehension; sensible or perceptive

attraction; charm; attract; fascinate; challenge

serving as aid or accessory; auxiliary

flexible; becoming or being made suitable to a particular situation or use

dry; lacking moisture, especially having insufficient rainfall to support trees or plants

area of theater or concert hall where the audience sits

something added or to be added, especially a supplement to a book

state without proof; assert to be true

plentiful; possessing riches or resources

study of artifacts and relics of early humankind

oval building with tiers of seats from central open space or arena

act of playing honor to a divine being; worship paid to God; the act of addressing as a god

cause someone to become dependent; indulge in; be devoted to

come near or nearer to something or someone in space, time, quality, or amount

something you cannot stop taking once you have started

positive assertion; confirmation; solemn pledge by one who refuses to take an oath

the attribute of being easy to meet or deal with

muddle; drive crazy; become confused

hand tool for boring holes; hollow drill used to take core samples of soil, ice

upward slope, as of hill

positive assertion; confirmation; solemn pledge by one who refuses to take an oath

act of being present

tree-dwelling; treelike; living in trees

act or state of attending or heeding; application of the mind to any object of sense, representation, or thought

expert at; very skilled; having or showing knowledge and skill and aptitude

the outermost region of the sun's atmosphere; halo

a gradual decrease in numbers; reduction in the workforce without firing employees; wearing away through harassment

act of waiting; delay; stay or continuance in a place

a person who adheres; one who follows or upholds a leader, party, cause

adjoining; neighboring; close to; lying near

with reference or regard; in respect

fearful or uneasy anticipation of the future; the act of seizing or capturing; understanding

greediness for wealth; the insatiable desire to gain

person with power to decide a dispute; judge

into separate parts or pieces; apart

unselfishly generous; concerned for others

be next to; be contiguous to; border on

border upon; adjoin; touch or end at one end or side; lie adjacent

one who is skeptical of the existence of a god or any ultimate reality

cheerful promptness or willingness; eagerness; speed or quickness

hear and settle a case by judicial procedure

something added on or attached generally nonessential or inferior

self-evident truth requiring no proof

deep gully; a dry gulch; brook or creek; watercourse

mental keenness; quickness of perception

sparing or moderation in eating and drinking; temperate

clay; brick; sun-dried brick; structure built with this type of brick

self-evident truth requiring no proof

appeal to or entreat earnestly; command or enjoin solemnly, as under oath

authorize; commission; give credit for

change something slightly, especially to make it more correct, effective, or suitable

bottomless; very profound; limitless; very bad

state of being ambiguous; doubtfulness or uncertainty

contrast; direct contrast; opposition

outcome; consequence, especially of a disaster or misfortune

warn; counsel someone against something to be avoided

preceding events or circumstances that influence what comes later; ancestors or early background

associate; cause a group to become part of or form a close relationship with another

gentle or friendly reproof; cautionary advice or warning

prove genuine; establish authenticity of

particular environment or surrounding influence; an atmosphere of the environment

fill with horror and loathing; horrify; hate

experiencing extreme discomfort or discontent; feeling, expressing, or caused by anguish

clay; brick; sun-dried brick; structure built with this type of brick

the term during which one learns a trade from a skilled worker; service or legal condition of an apprentice

in the manner of an uncle, about uncle; kind, genial, benevolent, or tolerant

a juvenile between the onset of puberty and maturity

the highest point; point in an orbit most distant from the body being orbited

beg pardon; tell someone that you are sorry for having done something

large cage, building, or enclosure in which birds are reared or kept

accept; take on; raise; take into one's family

soda ash; caustic soda, caustic potash; one of a class of caustic bases, such as soda, potash, and ammonia

amazed; very surprised

act of accepting with approval

preceding events or circumstances that influence what comes later; ancestors or early background

adjoining; neighboring; close to; lying near

responsive to advise or suggestion; responsible to a higher authority; willing to comply with; agreeable

ash-colored; very pale; consisting of ashes

strikingly appropriate and relevant; well-suited

growth or increase in size by gradual external addition, fusion, or inclusion

act of playing honor to a divine being; worship paid to God; the act of addressing as a god

enhance or decorate with or as if with ornaments

a place where bees and beehives are kept, especially where bees are raised for their honey

prototype; original model or type after which other similar things are patterned

be next to; be contiguous to; border on

clay; brick; sun-dried brick; structure built with this type of brick

text character used to mark the possessive or to show the omission of letters or numbers

embellishment; decoration; something that beautifies or adorns; ornament

estimate value of; evaluate, especially in an official capacity

fit for growing crops, as by plowing

air; a mixture of gases that surrounds any planet

in or into a high place; high or higher up

skillful and adept under pressing conditions

excessive flattery or admiration; unmerited praise

additional object; useful but not essential thing; subordinate or supplementary item

designate; nominate; choose someone officially for a job or responsibility

manlike; resembling a human, especially in shape or outward appearance

make impure by adding inferior or tainted substances

soda ash; caustic soda, caustic potash; one of a class of caustic bases, such as soda, potash, and ammonia

capable of being applied; fit or suitable to be applied; having relevance

declare openly; acknowledge openly, boldly, and unashamedly

give hint or indication of something; disclose partially or guardedly; overshadow; shade

muddle; drive crazy; become confused

cause to move with violence or sudden force; upset; disturb

detestable; extremely unpleasant; very bad

coming or arrival, especially of something extremely important

a bond, as of affection or loyalty; fond regard; supplementary part; accessory

authorize; commission; give credit for

embellishment; decoration; something that beautifies or adorns; ornament

fearful or uneasy anticipation of the future; the act of seizing or capturing; understanding

suspended action; temporary cessation or suspension

expecting absolute obedience; completely dominating another's will

accidental; casual; not inherent but added extrinsically

support; active pleading on behalf of something

independence; self-government or the right of self-government; self-determination

combine; mix; make less pure; lessen or moderate

eye defect that prevents proper focus

accidental; casual; not inherent but added extrinsically

give hint or indication of something; disclose partially or guardedly; overshadow; shade

nest of a bird, such as an eagle, built on a cliff or other high place

area of theater or concert hall where the audience sits

easily approachable; warmly friendly

theory of numerical calculations

self-evident truth requiring no proof

sky blue; light purplish-blue

unsuccessful; failing to accomplish an intended objective; fruitless

act of being present

associate; cause a group to become part of or form a close relationship with another

a passage from one form or state to another; change

particular environment or surrounding influence; an atmosphere of the environment

aid, usually in doing something wrong; encourage

an abbreviation consisting of the first letters of each word in the name of something

natural attraction, liking, or feeling of kinship; relationship by marriage

state something as true; assert; confirm

fearlessly, often recklessly daring; bold

arsenal; a place where arms are manufactured

insult; offense; intentional act of disrespect

positive assertion; confirmation; solemn pledge by one who refuses to take an oath

condense; shorten; reduce length of written text

mentally quick; moving quickly and lightly

large cage, building, or enclosure in which birds are reared or kept

mentally quick; moving quickly and lightly

fasten; append; add on; secure to something

having time error in the story; erroneous in date; in the wrong time

one who is skeptical of the existence of a god or any ultimate reality

cause or condition of pain, suffering, or distress

make or declare void or invalid; reduce to nothing

assign; distribute according to plan

a person who adheres; one who follows or upholds a leader, party, cause

abundance; a plentiful supply of material goods; wealth

responsive to advise or suggestion; responsible to a higher authority; willing to comply with; agreeable

repetition of a beginning sound in poetry

achieve or accomplish; gain

able to pay for

accustom or become accustomed to a new environment or situation; adapt

comparable; similar or alike

preceding events or circumstances that influence what comes later; ancestors or early background

a heavy block of iron or steel with a smooth, flat top on which metals are shaped by hammering

fearlessly, often recklessly daring; bold

one who aspires, as to advancement, honors, or a high position

insult; offense; intentional act of disrespect

support; active pleading on behalf of something

outcome; consequence, especially of a disaster or misfortune

broken off; very steep; having sudden transitions from one subject to another

incorporate and absorb into mind; make similar; cause to resemble

a person who argues in defense or justification of something, such as doctrine, policy, or institution

collection; heap; act or process of gathering into a mass

authorize; commission; give credit for

dry; lacking moisture, especially having insufficient rainfall to support trees or plants

manual computing device consisting of a frame holding parallel rods strung with movable counters

increase the scope of; extend; intensify; make greater in power, influence, stature, or reputation

convenient features; courtesies

ambition; something that you hope to achieve

in or into a high place; high or higher up

wear away by friction; scrape; erode

worsen; make worse or more troublesome

condense; shorten; reduce length of written text

not identical on both sides of a dividing central line

fear of heights; abnormal fear of high places

gather into a mass, sum, or whole; amount to

characteristic of dawn; dawning, eastern, like a new beginning; relating to the atmospheric phenomenon auroras

in a way that causes something to be certain; undoubtedly

resemblance to remote ancestors rather than to parents; deformity returning after the passage of two or more generations

several things grouped together or considered as a whole

area of theater or concert hall where the audience sits

act of awaking from sleep; arousing from what is like sleep

struck by shock, terror, or amazement

the letdown in thought or emotion; decline viewed in disappointing contrast with the previous rise

plentiful; possessing riches or resources

mentally quick; moving quickly and lightly

arrangement; association; alliance

act of accepting with approval

being the first of its kind in a region; primitive; native

resemblance to remote ancestors rather than to parents; deformity returning after the passage of two or more generations

abundance; a plentiful supply of material goods; wealth

cause to move with violence or sudden force; upset; disturb

make slender, fine, or small; weaken; lessen the density of

anxiety; extreme emotional disturbance

act of contracting or assuming or acquiring possession of something

state without proof; assert to be true

highest point; vertex; summit; climax

one who is skeptical of the existence of a god or any ultimate reality

embarrass; make ashamed or uneasy; disconcert

able to pay for

state without proof; assert to be true

pertaining to land or its cultivation; relating to agricultural or rural matters

text character used to mark the possessive or to show the omission of letters or numbers

leave quickly and secretly and hide oneself, often to avoid arrest or prosecution

act of accepting with approval

sickness;a slight but often persistent illness

preventing infection; having cleansing effect

ash-colored; very pale; consisting of ashes

embarrass; make ashamed or uneasy; disconcert

border upon; adjoin; touch or end at one end or side; lie adjacent

ease or lessen pain; satisfy or appease

muddle; drive crazy; become confused

be broadcast on television or radio

definition or concise statement of principle; tersely phrased statement of truth or opinion

aloft; flying; in the air

cause or condition of pain, suffering, or distress

comment; make explanatory notes

cheerful promptness or willingness; eagerness; speed or quickness

something added on or attached generally nonessential or inferior

quality of being absurd or inconsistent with obvious truth, reason, or sound judgment; logical contradiction

manual computing device consisting of a frame holding parallel rods strung with movable counters

confederate; partner; collaborator

turned or twisted toward one side; at an angle

medieval chemistry; magical or mysterious power or process of transforming

be broadcast on television or radio

person with power to decide a dispute; judge

combine; mix; make less pure; lessen or moderate

nook; small, recessed section of a room

having human form or characteristics

the attribute of being easy to meet or deal with

attraction; charm; attract; fascinate; challenge

affect with wonder; surprise; shock

established procedure for solving problem

pleasantness resulting from agreeable conditions

upward slope, as of hill

arrangement; association; alliance

sparing or moderation in eating and drinking; temperate

appeal to or entreat earnestly; command or enjoin solemnly, as under oath

the term during which one learns a trade from a skilled worker; service or legal condition of an apprentice

self-governing; not controlled by others or by outside forces; independent

providing nourishment; concerned with food, nutrition, or digestion

with a sideways or indirect look; Turned to side, especially of eyes

consisting of, relating to, or being in the water

soda ash; caustic soda, caustic potash; one of a class of caustic bases, such as soda, potash, and ammonia

something you cannot stop taking once you have started

bitter and sharp in language, tone, or manner

gentle or friendly reproof; cautionary advice or warning

calm; pacify; reduce the intensity of; relieve

attended by favorable circumstances; marked by success; prosperous

attract with something desirable; be highly, often subtly attractive

something appended to or accompanying, a principal or greater thing, though not necessary to it

suggestion without proof that someone has done something wrong

a chronological record of the events of successive years

appealing; pleasing; inviting; tempting

equip; provide with military equipment

state without proof; assert to be true

dictator; ruler having unlimited power

one who aspires, as to advancement, honors, or a high position

family descent; series or line of ancestors; lineage

into separate parts or pieces; apart

symbolic representation of abstract ideas or principles in narrative, dramatic, or pictorial form

repetition of a beginning sound in poetry

any furniture old and valuable; out of fashion

outcome; consequence, especially of a disaster or misfortune

candidate; a person who formally requests something, especially a job

assign; distribute according to plan

the feeling of enmity or ill will; an attitude that informs one's actions; disposition

friendship; peaceful relations, as between nations

increase the scope of; extend; intensify; make greater in power, influence, stature, or reputation

a heavy block of iron or steel with a smooth, flat top on which metals are shaped by hammering

act of contracting or assuming or acquiring possession of something

combine; mix; make less pure; lessen or moderate

ghostly figure; sudden or unusual sight; appearance; state of being visible

fear of heights; abnormal fear of high places

refer casually or indirectly, or by suggestion

capable of using either hand with equal ease

officially charge someone in a court of law

nook; small, recessed section of a room

the letdown in thought or emotion; decline viewed in disappointing contrast with the previous rise

attract with something desirable; be highly, often subtly attractive

being the first of its kind in a region; primitive; native

cheerful promptness or willingness; eagerness; speed or quickness

clothes, especially of a particular or formal type; dress

temptation; enticement; any real or apparent good held forth or operating, as a motive to action

support; active pleading on behalf of something

indirect reference; symbolical reference or comparison; metaphor

displaying or by strong enthusiasm or devotion; passionate

branch of physics that studies celestial bodies and the universe as a whole

increase the scope of; extend; intensify; make greater in power, influence, stature, or reputation

subside; decrease; become less in amount or intensity

skillful and adept under pressing conditions

detailed analysis;  the scientific study of the body and how its parts are arranged

confederate; partner; collaborator

in or into a high place; high or higher up

cut off part of the body, especially by surgery; prune

make slender, fine, or small; weaken; lessen the density of

abolish, do away with, or annul, especially by authority

agree; give consent, often at the insistence of another; concede

apart; remote in manner; distant physically or emotionally; reserved and remote

highest point; vertex; summit; climax

a heavy block of iron or steel with a smooth, flat top on which metals are shaped by hammering

ease or lessen pain; satisfy or appease

fasten; append; add on; secure to something

a passage from one form or state to another; change

something added or to be added, especially a supplement to a book

unselfishly generous; concerned for others

large cage, building, or enclosure in which birds are reared or kept

move up or climb something; mount

leading a life of self-discipline and self-denial; austere

combine; unite in one body; mix or alloy metal with mercury

affect with wonder; surprise; shock

assign; distribute according to plan

a reformer who favors abolishing slavery

bottomless; very profound; limitless; very bad

collect; gather for oneself, as for one's pleasure or profit

astonish; affect with wonder

cause or condition of pain, suffering, or distress

unclear or doubtful in meaning

declare openly; acknowledge openly, boldly, and unashamedly

any furniture old and valuable; out of fashion

astonish; affect with wonder

reluctant; disinclined; turned away or backward; unwilling

definition or concise statement of principle; tersely phrased statement of truth or opinion

feeling or showing a lack of interest or concern; indifferent

awesome; astounding; surprising

a change or changes made to the words of a text; revision

manual computing device consisting of a frame holding parallel rods strung with movable counters

no longer current or applicable; antiquated

capable of using either hand with equal ease

particular environment or surrounding influence; an atmosphere of the environment

the letdown in thought or emotion; decline viewed in disappointing contrast with the previous rise

the mechanism that imitates actions of humans

science of sound; the quality that makes a room easy or hard to hear in

abnormal;  markedly different from an accepted norm

clothes, especially of a particular or formal type; dress

theory of numerical calculations

state of being ambiguous; doubtfulness or uncertainty

increase, accumulate, or come about as a result of growth; accumulate over time

deep gully; a dry gulch; brook or creek; watercourse

unclear or doubtful in meaning

characteristic of dawn; dawning, eastern, like a new beginning; relating to the atmospheric phenomenon auroras

estimate value of; evaluate, especially in an official capacity

nook; small, recessed section of a room

aspiration; a strong wish to achieve something

exhibiting friendliness or goodwill; not quarrelsome

something, such as an accomplishment or achievement; achievement

sharp-cornered; consisting of an angle or angles; stiff in manner

a gradual decrease in numbers; reduction in the workforce without firing employees; wearing away through harassment

aspiring; having a strong desire for success or achievement

be earlier in time; go back further

increase, accumulate, or come about as a result of growth; accumulate over time

oval building with tiers of seats from central open space or arena

state of having contradictory or conflicting emotional attitudes, such as love and hate

mixed;  experiencing or expressing opposing or contradictory feelings

state something as true; assert; confirm

source of relaxation or comfort; medicine that relieves pain

loss of speech due to injury or illness

moving at an easy pace; walk slowly or leisurely

adjoining; neighboring; close to; lying near

expression of warm approval; praise

self-evident truth requiring no proof

the feeling of enmity or ill will; an attitude that informs one's actions; disposition

convenient features; courtesies

able to walk; formed or adapted for walking; not stationary

flexible; becoming or being made suitable to a particular situation or use

instinctive physical desire, especially one for food or drink

inherited or inheritable by established rules

make or become better; improve; grow better

study of artifacts and relics of early humankind

cause to move with violence or sudden force; upset; disturb

responsive to advise or suggestion; responsible to a higher authority; willing to comply with; agreeable

diagnose; study, or examine something in detail to discover more about it

activity taken up in addition to one's regular work or profession, usually for enjoyment

displaying or by strong enthusiasm or devotion; passionate

fasten; append; add on; secure to something

change for the better; improve; remove faults or errors

manually skilled worker; craftsman, as opposed to an artist

moving at an easy pace; walk slowly or leisurely

a change or changes made to the words of a text; revision

upward slope or grade; movement upward

something appended to or accompanying, a principal or greater thing, though not necessary to it

assign; distribute according to plan

convenient features; courtesies

book of literary selections by various authors

act of being present

pleasantness resulting from agreeable conditions

curved or hooked like an eagle's beak

established procedure for solving problem

renounce upon oath; abandon forever

good-natured and likable; lovable; warmly friendly

suspended action; temporary cessation or suspension

declare to be true; affirm

make shorter; reduce to shorter form intended to represent full form, as for word or phrase

not normal; unusual or irregular; not representative of a group, class, or type

capable of being applied; fit or suitable to be applied; having relevance

approach and speak to boldly or aggressively, as with demand or request

exhibiting friendliness or goodwill; not quarrelsome

expression of warm approval; praise

friendship; peaceful relations, as between nations

awesome; astounding; surprising

nook; small, recessed section of a room

moved by sexual love; loving

contrast; direct contrast; opposition

temptation; enticement; any real or apparent good held forth or operating, as a motive to action

estimate value of; evaluate, especially in an official capacity

formless; lacking shape or definition

family descent; series or line of ancestors; lineage

fit for growing crops, as by plowing

ghostly figure; sudden or unusual sight; appearance; state of being visible

having human form or characteristics

pile up; collect;  mount up; increase

mental keenness; quickness of perception

able to live both on land and in water

declare openly; acknowledge openly, boldly, and unashamedly

move up or climb something; mount

oval building with tiers of seats from central open space or arena

pile up; collect;  mount up; increase

addition of extra material or illustration or clarifying detail

subside; decrease; become less in amount or intensity

offering or expressing an apology or excuse; serving as or containing a formal justification or defense

pile up; collect;  mount up; increase

broaden or clarify by expanding; intensify; make larger or more powerful; increase

expression of warm approval; praise

comment; make explanatory notes

alcoholic beverage taken before a meal as an appetizer

cut off part of the body, especially by surgery; prune

candidate; a person who formally requests something, especially a job

a way of considering or doing something

sparing or moderation in eating and drinking; temperate

adjoining; neighboring; close to; lying near

the continuous portion of a circle; something curved in shape

having time error in the story; erroneous in date; in the wrong time

into separate parts or pieces; apart

utterly stupid or silly; inanely foolish

serving to reduce sensibility to pain without loss of consciousness

one who is skeptical of the existence of a god or any ultimate reality

in the manner of an uncle, about uncle; kind, genial, benevolent, or tolerant

condense; shorten; reduce length of written text

comparable; similar or alike

act of playing honor to a divine being; worship paid to God; the act of addressing as a god

moving at an easy pace; walk slowly or leisurely

fruit of the oak, being an oval nut growing in a woody cup; a cone-shaped piece of wood

plentiful; possessing riches or resources

diagnose; study, or examine something in detail to discover more about it

aid, usually in doing something wrong; encourage

area of theater or concert hall where the audience sits

a person who seeks to overturn established government; advocate of abolishing authority

upward slope, as of hill

medieval chemistry; magical or mysterious power or process of transforming

suspended action; temporary cessation or suspension

associate; cause a group to become part of or form a close relationship with another

solemn curse; someone or something regarded as a curse

upward slope, as of hill

detailed analysis;  the scientific study of the body and how its parts are arranged

fearlessly, often recklessly daring; bold

depress or discourage with fear; grow faint or become weak

offering or expressing an apology or excuse; serving as or containing a formal justification or defense

inherited or inheritable by established rules

one who is skeptical of the existence of a god or any ultimate reality

having time error in the story; erroneous in date; in the wrong time

equip; provide with military equipment

family descent; series or line of ancestors; lineage

difficult to handle or manage

symbolic representation of abstract ideas or principles in narrative, dramatic, or pictorial form

candidate; a person who formally requests something, especially a job

serving as aid or accessory; auxiliary

detestable; extremely unpleasant; very bad

ambition; something that you hope to achieve

capable of being applied; fit or suitable to be applied; having relevance

roof-like cover, usually of canvas, extended over or before any place as a shelter from the sun, rain, or wind

enhance or decorate with or as if with ornaments

experiencing extreme discomfort or discontent; feeling, expressing, or caused by anguish

unselfishly generous; concerned for others

sharp-cornered; consisting of an angle or angles; stiff in manner

medieval chemistry; magical or mysterious power or process of transforming

abolish, do away with, or annul, especially by authority

beg pardon; tell someone that you are sorry for having done something

having human form or characteristics

calm; pacify; reduce the intensity of; relieve

the feeling of enmity or ill will; an attitude that informs one's actions; disposition

cut off part of the body, especially by surgery; prune

achieve or accomplish; gain

be full of; be plentiful

a chronological record of the events of successive years

put into motion or action; activate

loss of speech due to injury or illness

displaying characteristics of previous cultural era or previous ancestral form

append or attach; take possession of; incorporate into an existing political unit

warn; counsel someone against something to be avoided

natural attraction, liking, or feeling of kinship; relationship by marriage

excessive flattery or admiration; unmerited praise

destroy completely; reduce to nonexistence

providing nourishment; concerned with food, nutrition, or digestion

a place where bees and beehives are kept, especially where bees are raised for their honey

refrain; hold oneself back voluntarily from an action or practice

comment; make explanatory notes

wasting away; decrease in size; reduction in the functionality of an organ caused by disease

act of playing honor to a divine being; worship paid to God; the act of addressing as a god

bothersome; troublesome; irritating

collect; gather for oneself, as for one's pleasure or profit

fear of heights; abnormal fear of high places

the term during which one learns a trade from a skilled worker; service or legal condition of an apprentice

renounce upon oath; abandon forever

authorize; commission; give credit for

annual payment of allowance or income; periodical payment, amounting to a fixed sum in each year

elevation to godhood; fact or action of becoming a god; an ideal example of something

any substance that can destroy or inhibit the growth of bacteria and similar microorganisms

make or declare void or invalid; reduce to nothing

confederate; partner; collaborator

superiority or decisive advantage; domination

a person who seeks to overturn established government; advocate of abolishing authority

source of relaxation or comfort; medicine that relieves pain

convenient features; courtesies

active resistance; condition of being an opposing principle, force, or factor

apply oil or similar substance to; put oil on during religious ceremony as a sign of sanctification or consecration.

be thankful for; increase in worth; be thoroughly conscious of

science of sound; the quality that makes a room easy or hard to hear in

loss of speech due to injury or illness

nest of a bird, such as an eagle, built on a cliff or other high place

strikingly appropriate and relevant; well-suited

deviating from normal or common order, form, or rule

active resistance; condition of being an opposing principle, force, or factor

calm; pacify; reduce the intensity of; relieve

refer casually or indirectly, or by suggestion

increase the scope of; extend; intensify; make greater in power, influence, stature, or reputation

dictator; ruler having unlimited power

unclear or doubtful in meaning

precede; go before in time, and sometimes in place, rank, or logical order

fasten; append; add on; secure to something

preceding events or circumstances that influence what comes later; ancestors or early background

subtle but base deception; trickery; cleverness or skill; ingenuity

a reformer who favors abolishing slavery

a bond, as of affection or loyalty; fond regard; supplementary part; accessory

composition; a plan for how something will happen

aloft; flying; in the air

responsive to advise or suggestion; responsible to a higher authority; willing to comply with; agreeable

be earlier in time; go back further

alcoholic beverage taken before a meal as an appetizer

antiquated; extremely old and ancient; belonging to very ancient times

difficult to handle or manage

in a way that causes something to be certain; undoubtedly

nook; small, recessed section of a room

capable of using either hand with equal ease

book of literary selections by various authors

self-governing; not controlled by others or by outside forces; independent

text character used to mark the possessive or to show the omission of letters or numbers

preventing infection; having cleansing effect

regarding human beings as the center of the universe

able to pay for

adjoining; neighboring; close to; lying near

manlike; resembling a human, especially in shape or outward appearance

the letdown in thought or emotion; decline viewed in disappointing contrast with the previous rise

give up or surrender; deny something to oneself

close attention; work of applying something; verbal or written request for assistance

acquire; take possession of for one's own use; set apart for specific use

state something as true; assert; confirm

having human form or characteristics

nest of a bird, such as an eagle, built on a cliff or other high place

analyze; evaluate; examine by trial or experiment; put to the test

any substance that can destroy or inhibit the growth of bacteria and similar microorganisms

easily approachable; warmly friendly

act in advance of; deal with ahead of time; predict

ash-colored; very pale; consisting of ashes

solemn curse; someone or something regarded as a curse

nook; small, recessed section of a room

accidental; casual; not inherent but added extrinsically

consisting of, relating to, or being in the water

act of accepting with approval

the letdown in thought or emotion; decline viewed in disappointing contrast with the previous rise

strong feeling of aversion; dislike

quality of being absurd or inconsistent with obvious truth, reason, or sound judgment; logical contradiction

unpleasantly sharp or bitter to taste or smell; bitterly pungent

branch of physics that studies celestial bodies and the universe as a whole

any furniture old and valuable; out of fashion

cheerful promptness or willingness; eagerness; speed or quickness

sparing or moderation in eating and drinking; temperate

dictator; ruler having unlimited power

bitter and sharp in language, tone, or manner

contrast; direct contrast; opposition

expecting absolute obedience; completely dominating another's will

a heavy block of iron or steel with a smooth, flat top on which metals are shaped by hammering

entire horn, or any branch of the horn

acclaim; express approval, especially by clapping the hands

serving to reduce sensibility to pain without loss of consciousness

a violent attack; an onslaught

act or state of attending or heeding; application of the mind to any object of sense, representation, or thought

symbolic representation of abstract ideas or principles in narrative, dramatic, or pictorial form

a heavy block of iron or steel with a smooth, flat top on which metals are shaped by hammering

the outermost region of the sun's atmosphere; halo

self-governing; not controlled by others or by outside forces; independent

quality of being absurd or inconsistent with obvious truth, reason, or sound judgment; logical contradiction

feeling or showing a lack of interest or concern; indifferent

deviating from normal or common order, form, or rule

lack of interest, or the attitude of not caring resulting from it; the indifference

equip; provide with military equipment

strong feeling of aversion; dislike

able to live both on land and in water

experiencing extreme discomfort or discontent; feeling, expressing, or caused by anguish

source of relaxation or comfort; medicine that relieves pain

renounce upon oath; abandon forever

alcoholic beverage taken before a meal as an appetizer

characteristic of dawn; dawning, eastern, like a new beginning; relating to the atmospheric phenomenon auroras

independence; self-government or the right of self-government; self-determination

opening; diameter of such an opening; hole

study of artifacts and relics of early humankind

warn; counsel someone against something to be avoided

highest point; vertex; summit; climax

be earlier in time; go back further

addition of extra material or illustration or clarifying detail

secret; mysterious; known only to the initiated

combine; mix; make less pure; lessen or moderate

a person who seeks to overturn established government; advocate of abolishing authority

loss of speech due to injury or illness

exhibiting friendliness or goodwill; not quarrelsome

definition or concise statement of principle; tersely phrased statement of truth or opinion

pin or spindle on which a wheel revolves, or which revolves with a wheel; transverse bar connecting the opposite wheels

candidate; a person who formally requests something, especially a job

a place where bees and beehives are kept, especially where bees are raised for their honey

bitter and sharp in language, tone, or manner

strong feeling of aversion; dislike

agree; give consent, often at the insistence of another; concede

capable of knowing; conscious; relating to the faculty of apprehension; sensible or perceptive

a bond, as of affection or loyalty; fond regard; supplementary part; accessory

having aversion or lack of concern for political affairs

poise; self-confident assurance

untrue; of questionable authorship or authenticity; erroneous; fictitious

in the manner of an uncle, about uncle; kind, genial, benevolent, or tolerant

humiliate; lower or depress in rank or esteem

solemn curse; someone or something regarded as a curse

astonish; affect with wonder

the highest point; point in an orbit most distant from the body being orbited

attraction; charm; attract; fascinate; challenge

displaying or by strong enthusiasm or devotion; passionate

bitter and sharp in language, tone, or manner

very similarly; roughly

roof-like cover, usually of canvas, extended over or before any place as a shelter from the sun, rain, or wind

having aversion or lack of concern for political affairs

a group of persons together in one place

offering or expressing an apology or excuse; serving as or containing a formal justification or defense

in a way that causes something to be certain; undoubtedly

obscure; profound; difficult to understand

a person who argues in defense or justification of something, such as doctrine, policy, or institution

elevation to godhood; fact or action of becoming a god; an ideal example of something

antiquated; extremely old and ancient; belonging to very ancient times

state something as true; assert; confirm

beg pardon; tell someone that you are sorry for having done something

eye defect that prevents proper focus

appealing; pleasing; inviting; tempting

come near or nearer to something or someone in space, time, quality, or amount

being in debt; unpaid, overdue debt or an unfulfilled obligation

not identical on both sides of a dividing central line

one who abandons his religious faith or political beliefs

a reformer who favors abolishing slavery

leave quickly and secretly and hide oneself, often to avoid arrest or prosecution

loss of speech due to injury or illness

appeal to or entreat earnestly; command or enjoin solemnly, as under oath

text character used to mark the possessive or to show the omission of letters or numbers

increase, accumulate, or come about as a result of growth; accumulate over time

additional object; useful but not essential thing; subordinate or supplementary item

elevation to godhood; fact or action of becoming a god; an ideal example of something

agree; give consent, often at the insistence of another; concede

depress or discourage with fear; grow faint or become weak

a physicist who studies astronomy

calm; pacify; reduce the intensity of; relieve

fear of heights; abnormal fear of high places

in the manner of an uncle, about uncle; kind, genial, benevolent, or tolerant

providing nourishment; concerned with food, nutrition, or digestion

make or become better; improve; grow better

ghostly figure; sudden or unusual sight; appearance; state of being visible

attraction; charm; attract; fascinate; challenge

border upon; adjoin; touch or end at one end or side; lie adjacent

quality of being absurd or inconsistent with obvious truth, reason, or sound judgment; logical contradiction

air; a mixture of gases that surrounds any planet

mixed;  experiencing or expressing opposing or contradictory feelings

a person who adheres; one who follows or upholds a leader, party, cause

attractive or interesting; charming

elevation to godhood; fact or action of becoming a god; an ideal example of something

inform; give notice to; make aware

the letdown in thought or emotion; decline viewed in disappointing contrast with the previous rise

name; title; the act of naming; the act of appealing for aid, sympathy

aide; servant; accompanying; a person who participates in a meeting

estimate  value; judge worth of something

displaying characteristics of previous cultural era or previous ancestral form

unselfishly generous; concerned for others

attach; add as supplement or appendix

text character used to mark the possessive or to show the omission of letters or numbers

struck by shock, terror, or amazement

something appended to or accompanying, a principal or greater thing, though not necessary to it

expression of warm approval; praise

instinctive physical desire, especially one for food or drink

a person who argues in defense or justification of something, such as doctrine, policy, or institution

eye defect that prevents proper focus

quality of being absurd or inconsistent with obvious truth, reason, or sound judgment; logical contradiction

convenient features; courtesies

wear away by friction; scrape; erode

acclaim; express approval, especially by clapping the hands

be earlier in time; go back further

leave quickly and secretly and hide oneself, often to avoid arrest or prosecution

contrast; direct contrast; opposition

fit for growing crops, as by plowing

capable of being applied; fit or suitable to be applied; having relevance

candidate; a person who formally requests something, especially a job

independence; self-government or the right of self-government; self-determination

any furniture old and valuable; out of fashion

good-natured and likable; lovable; warmly friendly

close attention; work of applying something; verbal or written request for assistance

the bitterness of speech and temper; sourness or acidness of taste, character, or tone

self-evident truth requiring no proof

exhibiting friendliness or goodwill; not quarrelsome

designate; nominate; choose someone officially for a job or responsibility

of or relating to hearing, the organs of hearing, or the sense of hearing

diagnose; study, or examine something in detail to discover more about it

express agreement to what is alleged or proposed; accept

prototype; original model or type after which other similar things are patterned

wise saying; brief familiar proverb;  expression of popular wisdom

strikingly appropriate and relevant; well-suited

moved by sexual love; loving

additional object; useful but not essential thing; subordinate or supplementary item

assessment; evaluation; the classification of someone or something with respect to its worth

comment; make explanatory notes

self-evident truth requiring no proof

having aversion or lack of concern for political affairs

make impure by adding inferior or tainted substances

estimate value of; evaluate, especially in an official capacity

strong feeling of aversion; dislike

large enough to be noticed or to affect; perceptible

obscure; profound; difficult to understand

regarding human beings as the center of the universe

destroy completely; reduce to nonexistence

experiencing extreme discomfort or discontent; feeling, expressing, or caused by anguish

a way of considering or doing something

be thankful for; increase in worth; be thoroughly conscious of

aide; servant; accompanying; a person who participates in a meeting

group of closely located islands

calm; pacify; reduce the intensity of; relieve

wise saying; brief familiar proverb;  expression of popular wisdom

fearful or uneasy anticipation of the future; the act of seizing or capturing; understanding

responsive to advise or suggestion; responsible to a higher authority; willing to comply with; agreeable

leave quickly and secretly and hide oneself, often to avoid arrest or prosecution

capable of knowing; conscious; relating to the faculty of apprehension; sensible or perceptive

something appended to or accompanying, a principal or greater thing, though not necessary to it

capable of being applied; fit or suitable to be applied; having relevance

officially charge someone in a court of law

leading a life of self-discipline and self-denial; austere

the term during which one learns a trade from a skilled worker; service or legal condition of an apprentice

inform; give notice to; make aware

act of contracting or assuming or acquiring possession of something

one who abandons his religious faith or political beliefs

eye defect that prevents proper focus

calm; pacify; reduce the intensity of; relieve

insult; offense; intentional act of disrespect

something appended to or accompanying, a principal or greater thing, though not necessary to it

a way of considering or doing something

person with power to decide a dispute; judge

expression of warm approval; praise

cause or condition of pain, suffering, or distress

one of the aristocracy or people of rank in a community; one of a ruling class; a noble

acquire; take possession of for one's own use; set apart for specific use