PTE Word List for Academic| Match Practice in Vietnamese

PTE for Academic Words

Group (A B) - Matching Quizzes

abbreviation

	(viết tắt) shortening something by omitting parts of it
	(lên) climb; mount
	(hạn chế một) condense; shorten; reduce length of written text
	(nhập học) act or practice of admitting; power or permission to enter

abnormal

	(xác định) find out for certain; discover with certainty; make sure of
	(bất thường) unusual; not typical; not normal
	(mảng) set out for display or use; place in orderly arrangement
	(mua) act of contracting or assuming or acquiring possession of something

abolish

	(Kế toán) liable to being called to account; answerable; responsible; something that can be explained
	(không nhận bãi bỏ) cancel; put an end to; destroy completely
	(nhập học) act or practice of admitting; power or permission to enter
	(thẩm định) assessment; evaluation; the classification of someone or something with respect to its worth

aboriginal

	(phát sinh) come up from a lower to a higher position; come above the horizon; spring up; come into action
	(khóa) fold or collapse; bend out of shape, as under pressure or from heat
	(kiến trúc) any part of a curved line
	(thổ dân) being the first of its kind in a region; primitive; native

abort

	(tin) brief statement of facts; any public notice or announcement; a periodical publication
	(trường) playing field where sports events take place; large structure for open-air sports or entertainments
	(giao) assign; distribute according to plan
	(hủy bỏ) stop; terminate before completion; terminate a pregnancy

abound

	(lên) climb; mount
	(rất nhiều) be full of; be plentiful
	(kiến trúc) any part of a curved line
	(bất thường) unusual; not typical; not normal

abrasion

	(mài mòn) scratch; friction
	(brashness) characteristic of being brash; trait of being rash and hasty; tasteless showiness
	(phù hợp) do a favor or service for; provide for; supply with; make suitable; adapt; allow for
	(trách nhiệm tích lũy) pile up; collect; mount up; increase

abridge

	(hạn chế một) condense; shorten; reduce length of written text
	(quản trị) govern; supervise; give or apply medications
	(giữa) in the middle of; among; surrounded by
	(đột ngột) broken off; very steep; having sudden transitions from one subject to another

abrupt

	(đột ngột) broken off; very steep; having sudden transitions from one subject to another
	(phân tích) resolve anything complex into its elements; separate into parts for purpose of examination of each separately
	(giao) assign; distribute according to plan
	(mua) act of contracting or assuming or acquiring possession of something

absorb

	(bao vây) attack from all sides; trouble persistently; hem in
	(bó) small cluster or arrangement of flowers; an arrangement of flowers that is usually given as a present
	(lợi) helpful; tending to promote physical well-being
	(hấp thụ) assimilate or incorporate; suck or drink up; occupy full attention

abstract

	(phân tích) resolve anything complex into its elements; separate into parts for purpose of examination of each separately
	(ủy quyền) empower; give permission for; sanction
	(vết bầm tím) injure, as by a blow or collision; contuse; fight with the fists
	(trừu tượng) theoretical; not concrete; not applied or practical; difficult to understand

abundance

	(phong phú) great or plentiful amount; fullness to overflowing
	(trục) the center around which something rotates; pivot
	(nhập học) act or practice of admitting; power or permission to enter
	(lân cận) adjoining; neighboring; close to; lying near

accelerate

	(vận động viên) sports man; one who contended for prize in public games
	(tẩy chay) refrain from buying or using
	(tăng tốc) move faster; cause to develop or progress more quickly; occur sooner than expected
	(thiên vị) preference or inclination, especially one that inhibits impartial judgment; influence in unfair way

accessory

	(ủy quyền) empower; give permission for; sanction
	(Phụ kiện) additional object; useful but not essential thing; subordinate or supplementary item
	(Sửa đổi) change for the better; improve; remove faults or errors
	(rất nhiều) be full of; be plentiful

acclaim

	(cổ) no longer current or applicable; antiquated
	(ca ngợi) applaud; announce with great approval
	(đối kháng) active resistance; condition of being an opposing principle, force, or factor
	(bookstall) stall where books are sold, as on a street; table with enclosed sides, for displaying books for sale

accommodate

	(cầu) space for ship to dock or anchor; allotted place; place to sleep or stay; appointment or job
	(phù hợp) do a favor or service for; provide for; supply with; make suitable; adapt; allow for
	(cùn) having a dull edge or end; not sharp; lacking in feeling; insensitive
	(trái nghĩa) word of opposite meaning; counter term

accommodation

	(khát vọng) ambition; longing
	(nhà ở) living quarters provided for public convenience; something that meets a need; convenience
	(khoe khoang) show off oneself; speak of with excessive pride
	(xa lánh) cause to become unfriendly or hostile; transfer property or ownership; isolate or dissociate emotionally

accompany

	(ban) official prohibition; decree that prohibits something
	(tổ tiên) forefather; forebear; forerunner or predecessor
	(thích ứng) make fit for; change to suit a new purpose
	(cùng) travel with; be associated with

accord

	(trục xuất) drive out; drive away; compel to depart; dispel
	(phù) settlement or compromise of conflicting opinions; written agreement between two states
	(buffet) table with food set out for people to serve themselves; meal at which people help themselves to food that's been set out
	(tác giả) beginner, former, or first mover of anything; creator; originator; one who composes or writes book or composer

accountable

	(niên thiếu) state of growing up from childhood to manhood or womanhood; transitional period between youth and maturity
	(bó) packet; a package of things tied together; a large sum of money
	(thay thế) happening or following in turns; succeeding each other continuously; substitute
	(Kế toán) liable to being called to account; answerable; responsible; something that can be explained

accumulate

	(trách nhiệm tích lũy) pile up; collect; mount up; increase
	(ủy quyền) empower; give permission for; sanction
	(giải trí) occupy in an agreeable, pleasing, or entertaining fashion; cause laughter or be funny; delude or deceive
	(nổi) able to float; cheerful and optimistic

accuser

	(tăng) raise; advance; push or shove upward
	(Tài liệu) pamphlet; small book usually having paper cover
	(tăng) make greater, as in size, extent, or quantity
	(người tố cáo) one who accuses; one who brings a charge of crime or fault

achieve

	(đạt) gain with effort; accomplish; fulfill
	(Sửa đổi) change for the better; improve; remove faults or errors
	(cổ) no longer current or applicable; antiquated
	(thư mục) list of works of a specific author or publisher; list of writings relating to a given subject

acquaint

	(tự động) replace or enhance human labor with machines
	(khóa) fold or collapse; bend out of shape, as under pressure or from heat
	(làm quen) inform about; cause to come to know personally; make familiar
	(đơn) candidate

acquire

	(mua) gain through experience or effort; gain possession of; locate with tracking system
	(tăng) make greater, as in size, extent, or quantity
	(tham gia) act of being present
	(bounty) goodness, kindness; virtue; liberality in giving

acquisition

	(trái nghĩa) word of opposite meaning; counter term
	(dự đoán) something expected; pleasurable expectation; wishing with confidence
	(mua) act of contracting or assuming or acquiring possession of something
	(đơn) candidate

activate

	(kích hoạt) make active or more active; stimulate; make radioactive
	(song) two-sided; mutual
	(gian nan) demanding great effort or labor; difficult
	(bất thường) unusual; not typical; not normal

acute

	(cấp) quickly perceptive; keen; having a sharp point or tip; extremely sharp or severe
	(mơ hồ) state of being ambiguous; doubtfulness or uncertainty
	(nhấp nháy) shut eyes briefly; wink
	(lưỡng cư) able to live both on land and in water

adapt

	(pha trộn) combination; mixture; forming uniform mixture
	(thích ứng) make fit for; change to suit a new purpose
	(trao đổi) trade goods or services without the exchange of money
	(hạt) small piece of material, such as glass, plastic, or wood, that is pierced for stringing

addict

	(nghiện) cause someone to become dependent; indulge in; be devoted to
	(thổ dân) being the first of its kind in a region; primitive; native
	(đập) beat with successive blows; beat repeatedly and with violence
	(mỹ) one skilled in giving cosmetic treatments; one who does hair styling, manicures, and other beauty treatments

adept

	(chuyên nghiệp) expert at; very skilled; having or showing knowledge and skill and aptitude
	(bố mẹ) think long and anxiously; be in a state of gloomy, serious thought
	(lắp ráp) put together; bring or call together into a group or whole
	(cổ) no longer current or applicable; antiquated

adequate

	(đầy đủ) sufficient; enough to meet a purpose
	(nghe) perceptible; heard or perceptible by the ear
	(thẩm quyền) having weight of authority; peremptory and dictatorial
	(hoan nghênh) acclaim; express approval, especially by clapping the hands

adhere

	(tuân thủ) stick fast; stick to firmly; be compatible or in accordance with
	(đạt) achieve or accomplish; gain
	(giả định) something taken for accepted as true without proof; taking over or taking possession of
	(tổ tiên) forefather; forebear; forerunner or predecessor

adjacent

	(tăng tốc) move faster; cause to develop or progress more quickly; occur sooner than expected
	(đột ngột) broken off; very steep; having sudden transitions from one subject to another
	(nhân viên kế toán) one who keeps accounts; one who has charge of keeping books and accounts in an office
	(lân cận) adjoining; neighboring; close to; lying near

adjoin

	(trục) the center around which something rotates; pivot
	(phụ hợp) be next to; be contiguous to; border on
	(pha trộn) combination; mixture; forming uniform mixture
	(làm quen) inform about; cause to come to know personally; make familiar

administer

	(nẹp) something which holds anything tightly or supports it firmly, as bandage, cord, or rod;
	(tiệc) feast; entertainment of eating and drinking
	(quản trị) govern; supervise; give or apply medications
	(khẳng định) assert; confirm

administrate

	(không nhận bãi bỏ) cancel; put an end to; destroy completely
	(chưng hửng) lead into perplexity or confusion; perplex with mazes
	(phong vũ biểu) instrument for determining the weight or pressure of the atmosphere
	(quản trị) administer; supply; supervise or be in charge of

admission

	(nhập học) act or practice of admitting; power or permission to enter
	(lân cận) adjoining; neighboring; close to; lying near
	(hăng hái) displaying or by strong enthusiasm or devotion; passionate
	(thủy sản) consisting of, relating to, or being in water

adolescence

	(giả định) something taken for accepted as true without proof; taking over or taking possession of
	(niên thiếu) state of growing up from childhood to manhood or womanhood; transitional period between youth and maturity
	(hoan nghênh) acclaim; express approval, especially by clapping the hands
	(lắp ráp) put together; bring or call together into a group or whole

advent

	(kiến trúc) any part of a curved line
	(đời) coming or arrival, especially of something extremely important
	(vách ngăn) frustrate as by confusing or perplexing; impede force or movement of
	(tre) plant of the family of grasses, and genus Bambusa, growing in tropical countries

adverse

	(bất lợi) in opposing direction; harmful or unfavorable; acting or serving to oppose
	(hăng hái) displaying or by strong enthusiasm or devotion; passionate
	(giảm) provide physical relief, as from pain; make easier; remove in part
	(số lượng lớn) majority; main part; volume; mass

advertise

	(vận động viên) sports man; one who contended for prize in public games
	(bờ vực) edge, margin, or border of a steep place verge
	(quảng cáo) give notice to; inform or apprise; make known; give public notice of
	(ức hiếp) cause pain, suffering or distress

advocate

	(biện hộ) speak, plead, or argue in favour of; plead for; push for something
	(viết tắt) shortening something by omitting parts of it
	(ca ngợi) applaud; announce with great approval
	(khối) a group of nations, parties, or persons united for common action

aerial

	(trên không) of the air or atmosphere; produced by or found in the air; performed in the air
	(buffet) table with food set out for people to serve themselves; meal at which people help themselves to food that's been set out
	(bội) something as bars at edges to absorb shock and prevent serious damage
	(tự chủ) independence; self-government or the right of self-government; self-determination

aesthetic

	(phình) cause to curve outward; swell up; stick out; protrude
	(Sửa đổi) change for the better; improve; remove faults or errors
	(sai lầm) serious mistake typically caused by ignorance or confusion
	(thẩm mỹ) elegant or tasteful; of or concerning appreciation of beauty or good taste

affiliate

	(liên kết) associate; incorporate
	(phiếu) printed or written ticket used in voting; act of voting; whole number of votes cast at an election
	(tăng tốc) move faster; cause to develop or progress more quickly; occur sooner than expected
	(hợp kim) combine; mix; make less pure; lessen or moderate

affirm

	(khẳng định) assert; confirm
	(băng) strip of woven material, used in dressing and binding up wounds
	(mờ) something that is hazy and indistinct to the sight or mind; dim, confused appearance; moral stain or blot
	(leo) upward slope or grade; movement upward

affix

	(trục) the center around which something rotates; pivot
	(tiêu diệt) destroy completely; reduce to nonexistence
	(nhanh) marked by speed, liveliness, and vigor; energetic; swift; keen or sharp in speech or manner
	(đóng) fasten; append; add on; secure to something

afflict

	(ức hiếp) cause pain, suffering or distress
	(đời) coming or arrival, especially of something extremely important
	(hàng loạt) quantity of bread baked at one time; a collection of things or persons to be handled together
	(kiến trúc) any part of a curved line

aggregate

	(kích động) anxiety; extreme emotional disturbance
	(apt) likely; exactly suitable; appropriate; quick to learn or understand
	(hồ quang) continuous portion of a circle; something curved in shape
	(tổng hợp) gather into a mass, sum, or whole; amount to

agitation

	(khao khát) seek to attain; long for; strive toward an end
	(hăng hái) displaying or by strong enthusiasm or devotion; passionate
	(rõ) expressing oneself easily in clear and effective language
	(kích động) anxiety; extreme emotional disturbance

agony

	(thuốc tẩy) make white or colorless; blanch
	(xác định) find out for certain; discover with certainty; make sure of
	(trường) playing field where sports events take place; large structure for open-air sports or entertainments
	(khổ) extreme pain of mind or body; anguish; last struggle of life; death struggle

agreeable

	(thích ứng) make fit for; change to suit a new purpose
	(nhanh) marked by speed, liveliness, and vigor; energetic; swift; keen or sharp in speech or manner
	(dễ chịu) ready to consent or submit; acceptable
	(dự đoán) something expected; pleasurable expectation; wishing with confidence

airing

	(giữa) amid; in the middle of; among
	(phát sóng) exposure to air for freshening or drying; exposure to public attention; radio or television broadcast
	(mơ hồ) unclear or doubtful in meaning
	(khuếch đại) broaden or clarify by expanding; intensify; make larger or more powerful; increase

albeit

	(dù) even though; although; notwithstanding
	(thay thế) happening or following in turns; succeeding each other continuously; substitute
	(tham vọng) aspiring; having a strong desire for success or achievement
	(Nam Cực) opposite to the northern or arctic pole; relating to the southern pole or to the region near it

alienate

	(tự động) mechanized; operating with minimal human intervention; independent of external control
	(mua) act of contracting or assuming or acquiring possession of something
	(xa lánh) cause to become unfriendly or hostile; transfer property or ownership; isolate or dissociate emotionally
	(Sửa đổi) change for the better; improve; remove faults or errors

allege

	(brashness) characteristic of being brash; trait of being rash and hasty; tasteless showiness
	(tố cáo) state without proof; assert to be true
	(Kế toán) liable to being called to account; answerable; responsible; something that can be explained
	(đóng) fasten; append; add on; secure to something

allegiance

	(thay thế) happening or following in turns; succeeding each other continuously; substitute
	(mảng) set out for display or use; place in orderly arrangement
	(trung thành) loyalty to a nation, sovereign, or cause; fidelity to any person or thing; devotion
	(tự động) mechanized; operating with minimal human intervention; independent of external control

alleviate

	(nghiện) cause someone to become dependent; indulge in; be devoted to
	(tham gia) act of being present
	(giảm) provide physical relief, as from pain; make easier; remove in part
	(trước) in state of anticipation; in advance; by way of preparation

allocate

	(giao) assign; distribute according to plan
	(buffet) table with food set out for people to serve themselves; meal at which people help themselves to food that's been set out
	(cầu lông) game played on a court with light long-handled rackets
	(tủ sách) case with shelves for holding books, especially one with glazed doors

allot

	(kích hoạt) make active or more active; stimulate; make radioactive
	(đối kháng) active resistance; condition of being an opposing principle, force, or factor
	(allot) parcel out in parts or portions; distribute to each individual concerned; assign as a share or lot
	(cầu lông) game played on a court with light long-handled rackets

allowance

	(phụ cấp) approval; act of allowing, granting, or admitting
	(nghe) perceptible; heard or perceptible by the ear
	(ranh giới) dividing line; border; frontier
	(số lượng lớn) majority; main part; volume; mass

alloy

	(bội) something as bars at edges to absorb shock and prevent serious damage
	(kháng sinh) of or relating to chemical substance that kills microorganisms and cures infections
	(thuốc tẩy) make white or colorless; blanch
	(hợp kim) combine; mix; make less pure; lessen or moderate

alongside

	(nẹp) something which holds anything tightly or supports it firmly, as bandage, cord, or rod;
	(khao khát) seek to attain; long for; strive toward an end
	(bungalow) small house or cottage usually having a single story and attic
	(cùng) along or by the side; side by side with

alphabetical

	(giao) appoint; allot; make over; point out authoritatively or exactly
	(vận động viên) sports man; one who contended for prize in public games
	(thứ tự chữ cái) arranged in customary order of the letters of a language
	(xin lỗi) offering or expressing an apology or excuse; serving as or containing a formal justification or defense

alter

	(ranh giới) dividing line; border; frontier
	(thay đổi) modify; cause to change; make different; convert
	(kích hoạt) make active or more active; stimulate; make radioactive
	(đột ngột) broken off; very steep; having sudden transitions from one subject to another

alternate

	(thay thế) happening or following in turns; succeeding each other continuously; substitute
	(phát sóng) exposure to air for freshening or drying; exposure to public attention; radio or television broadcast
	(Phụ kiện) additional object; useful but not essential thing; subordinate or supplementary item
	(tắm) wash by immersion, as in a bath; subject to bath; lave; immerse or cover one's self

altitude

	(nghe) perceptible; heard or perceptible by the ear
	(đóng) fasten; append; add on; secure to something
	(đỏ) become rosy or reddish; turn red, as if in embarrassment or shame
	(độ cao) elevation especially above sea level; height

amateur

	(rõ) expressing oneself easily in clear and effective language
	(trục xuất) drive out; drive away; compel to depart; dispel
	(nghiệp dư) nonprofessional; lacking the skill of a professional, as in an art
	(cấp) quickly perceptive; keen; having a sharp point or tip; extremely sharp or severe

amaze

	(thiết bị) durable goods for home or office use; device or instrument for household use
	(đóng) fasten; append; add on; secure to something
	(ngạc nhiên) astonish; affect with wonder
	(tài sản) properties; advantage; useful or valuable quality

ambiguity

	(trục) the center around which something rotates; pivot
	(bóng) rounded part of a cylindrical structure; electric lamp consisting of a glass ball
	(phụ cấp) approval; act of allowing, granting, or admitting
	(mơ hồ) state of being ambiguous; doubtfulness or uncertainty

ambiguous

	(mơ hồ) unclear or doubtful in meaning
	(không nhận bãi bỏ) cancel; put an end to; destroy completely
	(kiến trúc) any part of a curved line
	(mảng) set out for display or use; place in orderly arrangement

ambitious

	(ranh giới) dividing line; border; frontier
	(phân tích) resolve anything complex into its elements; separate into parts for purpose of examination of each separately
	(tham vọng) aspiring; having a strong desire for success or achievement
	(tổng hợp) gather into a mass, sum, or whole; amount to

amend

	(Sửa đổi) change for the better; improve; remove faults or errors
	(biện hộ) speak, plead, or argue in favour of; plead for; push for something
	(ca ngợi) applaud; announce with great approval
	(khối) a group of nations, parties, or persons united for common action

amends

	(sửa đổi) compensation for a loss or injury; recompense; reparation
	(dù) even though; although; notwithstanding
	(cấp) quickly perceptive; keen; having a sharp point or tip; extremely sharp or severe
	(đạt) gain with effort; accomplish; fulfill

amid

	(giữa) in the middle of; among; surrounded by
	(hợp kim) combine; mix; make less pure; lessen or moderate
	(trường) playing field where sports events take place; large structure for open-air sports or entertainments
	(đối kháng) active resistance; condition of being an opposing principle, force, or factor

amidst

	(nghe) perceptible; heard or perceptible by the ear
	(mài mòn) scratch; friction
	(giữa) amid; in the middle of; among
	(trường) playing field where sports events take place; large structure for open-air sports or entertainments

ammunition

	(tiệc) feast; entertainment of eating and drinking
	(tiện nghi đạn dược) military stores or provisions; articles used in weapons, as powder, balls, shot, shells
	(dù) even though; although; notwithstanding
	(rõ ràng) capable of being seen, or easily seen; open to view; visible to eye

amphibian

	(bó) packet; a package of things tied together; a large sum of money
	(lưỡng cư) able to live both on land and in water
	(hoan nghênh) acclaim; express approval, especially by clapping the hands
	(phân tích) of analysis; resolving into elements or parts

ample

	(trục xuất) drive out; drive away; compel to depart; dispel
	(apt) likely; exactly suitable; appropriate; quick to learn or understand
	(phong phú) more than enough in size or scope or capacity; fairly large
	(ức hiếp) cause pain, suffering or distress

amplify

	(ủy quyền) empower; give permission for; sanction
	(tiệc) feast; entertainment of eating and drinking
	(đột phá) act of overcoming or penetrating an obstacle or restriction
	(khuếch đại) broaden or clarify by expanding; intensify; make larger or more powerful; increase

amuse

	(trách nhiệm tích lũy) pile up; collect; mount up; increase
	(giải trí) occupy in an agreeable, pleasing, or entertaining fashion; cause laughter or be funny; delude or deceive
	(ruột) a part or division of intestine; interior of something; any internal organ of the body, as the stomach, liver, brain
	(nổi) able to float; cheerful and optimistic

analogy

	(cầu) space for ship to dock or anchor; allotted place; place to sleep or stay; appointment or job
	(bó) small cluster or arrangement of flowers; an arrangement of flowers that is usually given as a present
	(tương tự) similarity in some respects; comparison based on similarity
	(đánh thức) excite; stimulate; awaken from or as if from sleep

analyse

	(khía cạnh) distinct feature or element in a problem; a way in which something can be viewed by the mind
	(phân tích) resolve anything complex into its elements; separate into parts for purpose of examination of each separately
	(phù hợp) do a favor or service for; provide for; supply with; make suitable; adapt; allow for
	(allot) parcel out in parts or portions; distribute to each individual concerned; assign as a share or lot

analytical

	(đầy đủ) sufficient; enough to meet a purpose
	(tác giả) beginner, former, or first mover of anything; creator; originator; one who composes or writes book or composer
	(xác định) find out for certain; discover with certainty; make sure of
	(phân tích) of analysis; resolving into elements or parts

ancestor

	(tắm) wash by immersion, as in a bath; subject to bath; lave; immerse or cover one's self
	(sửa đổi) compensation for a loss or injury; recompense; reparation
	(mơ hồ) state of being ambiguous; doubtfulness or uncertainty
	(tổ tiên) forefather; forebear; forerunner or predecessor

anchor

	(dù) even though; although; notwithstanding
	(sửa đổi) compensation for a loss or injury; recompense; reparation
	(nghe) perceptible; heard or perceptible by the ear
	(neo) secure or fasten firmly; be fixed in place; narrate or coordinate

anecdote

	(cổ) no longer current or applicable; antiquated
	(giai thoại) short account of amusing or interesting event; short narrative; secret story of history or biography
	(brashness) characteristic of being brash; trait of being rash and hasty; tasteless showiness
	(phân tích) resolve anything complex into its elements; separate into parts for purpose of examination of each separately

annihilate

	(tiêu diệt) destroy completely; reduce to nonexistence
	(hoan nghênh) acclaim; express approval, especially by clapping the hands
	(hàng loạt) quantity of bread baked at one time; a collection of things or persons to be handled together
	(bố mẹ) think long and anxiously; be in a state of gloomy, serious thought

annoy

	(nhấp nháy) shut eyes briefly; wink
	(thuốc tẩy) make white or colorless; blanch
	(làm phiền) disturb, especially by minor irritations; irritate
	(hủy bỏ) stop; terminate before completion; terminate a pregnancy

annuity

	(viết tắt) shortening something by omitting parts of it
	(giao) appoint; allot; make over; point out authoritatively or exactly
	(niên kim) annual payment of allowance or income; periodical payment, amounting to a fixed sum in each year
	(phát sóng) exposure to air for freshening or drying; exposure to public attention; radio or television broadcast

antagonism

	(giai thoại) short account of amusing or interesting event; short narrative; secret story of history or biography
	(đối kháng) active resistance; condition of being an opposing principle, force, or factor
	(thính) area of theater or concert hall where audience sits
	(tổ tiên) forefather; forebear; forerunner or predecessor

antarctic

	(tăng) make greater, as in size, extent, or quantity
	(bungalow) small house or cottage usually having a single story and attic
	(Nam Cực) opposite to the northern or arctic pole; relating to the southern pole or to the region near it
	(leo) upward slope or grade; movement upward

anthem

	(đánh giá) estimate value; judge worth of something
	(thiên vị) preference or inclination, especially one that inhibits impartial judgment; influence in unfair way
	(bản đồ) a bound volume of maps, charts, or tables
	(ca) song of praise or patriotism; song of devotion or loyalty

anthology

	(aptitude) inherent ability; quickness in learning and understanding
	(tuyển tập) book of literary selections by various authors
	(tin) brief statement of facts; any public notice or announcement; a periodical publication
	(thủy sản) consisting of, relating to, or being in water

anthropology

	(tiện nghi đạn dược) military stores or provisions; articles used in weapons, as powder, balls, shot, shells
	(song ngữ) using or able to use two languages, especially with equal or nearly equal fluency
	(nhân chủng học) social science that studies origins and social relationships of human beings
	(duyệt) graze; skim or glance at casually

antibiotic

	(làm phiền) disturb, especially by minor irritations; irritate
	(bungalow) small house or cottage usually having a single story and attic
	(băng) strip of woven material, used in dressing and binding up wounds
	(kháng sinh) of or relating to chemical substance that kills microorganisms and cures infections

anticipate

	(khẳng định) assert; confirm
	(tre) plant of the family of grasses, and genus Bambusa, growing in tropical countries
	(đánh giá) estimate value; judge worth of something
	(dự đoán) act in advance of; deal with ahead of time; predict

anticipation

	(bất thường) unusual; not typical; not normal
	(dự đoán) something expected; pleasurable expectation; wishing with confidence
	(đột phá) act of overcoming or penetrating an obstacle or restriction
	(ca) song of praise or patriotism; song of devotion or loyalty

antonym

100

	(giáp) defensive covering, as of metal, wood, or leather, worn to protect the body against weapons
	(trái nghĩa) word of opposite meaning; counter term
	(bướm) insect typically having a slender body with broad colorful wings
	(khuếch đại) broaden or clarify by expanding; intensify; make larger or more powerful; increase

apologetic

101

	(xin lỗi) offering or expressing an apology or excuse; serving as or containing a formal justification or defense
	(các loại) varied; miscellaneous
	(độ cao) elevation especially above sea level; height
	(pháo) large weapons, such as cannon and missile launchers operated by crews; branch of army in use of large weapons

apparatus

102

	(bướm) insect typically having a slender body with broad colorful wings
	(bộ máy) a group of parts that work together to perform given function; appliance or device for particular purpose
	(tổ tiên) forefather; forebear; forerunner or predecessor
	(hấp thụ) assimilate or incorporate; suck or drink up; occupy full attention

apparent

103

	(mua) act of contracting or assuming or acquiring possession of something
	(thích ứng) make fit for; change to suit a new purpose
	(rõ ràng) capable of being seen, or easily seen; open to view; visible to eye
	(thiên văn học) branch of physics that studies celestial bodies and universe as a whole

append

104

	(khổ) extreme pain of mind or body; anguish; last struggle of life; death struggle
	(chuyên nghiệp) expert at; very skilled; having or showing knowledge and skill and aptitude
	(thêm) attach; add as supplement or appendix
	(giao) appoint; allot; make over; point out authoritatively or exactly

appendix

105

	(vận động viên) sports man; one who contended for prize in public games
	(phụ lục) something appended or added
	(kháng sinh) of or relating to chemical substance that kills microorganisms and cures infections
	(phù hợp) do a favor or service for; provide for; supply with; make suitable; adapt; allow for

applaud

106

	(bất thường) unusual; not typical; not normal
	(tránh) prevent; turn or cause to turn off or away
	(tiệc) feast; entertainment of eating and drinking
	(hoan nghênh) acclaim; express approval, especially by clapping the hands

appliance

107

	(thiết bị) durable goods for home or office use; device or instrument for household use
	(khát vọng) ambition; longing
	(allot) parcel out in parts or portions; distribute to each individual concerned; assign as a share or lot
	(số lượng lớn) majority; main part; volume; mass

applicant

108

	(tránh) prevent; turn or cause to turn off or away
	(hồ quang) continuous portion of a circle; something curved in shape
	(bản đồ) a bound volume of maps, charts, or tables
	(đơn) candidate

appraisal

109

	(thiên vị) preference or inclination, especially one that inhibits impartial judgment; influence in unfair way
	(kháng sinh) of or relating to chemical substance that kills microorganisms and cures infections
	(tự động) mechanized; operating with minimal human intervention; independent of external control
	(thẩm định) assessment; evaluation; the classification of someone or something with respect to its worth

appreciable

110

	(ức hiếp) cause pain, suffering or distress
	(cùn) having a dull edge or end; not sharp; lacking in feeling; insensitive
	(đáng) considerable; perceptible
	(hoa) flower; blossom; best time of youth; period of greatest prosperity or productivity

apprentice

111

	(bướm) insect typically having a slender body with broad colorful wings
	(pha) boil or seethe; cook; be in a state of preparation; be mixing, forming, or gathering
	(khối) a group of nations, parties, or persons united for common action
	(tập sự) works for an expert to learn a trade; beginner; learner

approximate

112

	(gần) approach; come near
	(phong phú) more than enough in size or scope or capacity; fairly large
	(thiên vị) preference or inclination, especially one that inhibits impartial judgment; influence in unfair way
	(tăng) make greater, as in size, extent, or quantity

apt

113

	(gán) inscribe or dedicate; attribute to a specified cause, source, or origin; assign as a quality
	(apt) likely; exactly suitable; appropriate; quick to learn or understand
	(hấp thụ) assimilate or incorporate; suck or drink up; occupy full attention
	(chú) fasten; annex; be in contact with

aptitude

114

	(độc đoán) randomly chosen; determined by chance or impulse, and not by reason or principle
	(dự đoán) something expected; pleasurable expectation; wishing with confidence
	(tổng hợp) gather into a mass, sum, or whole; amount to
	(aptitude) inherent ability; quickness in learning and understanding

aquarium

115

	(trao đổi) trade goods or services without the exchange of money
	(hồ) tank or pool or bowl filled with water for keeping live fish and underwater animals
	(tin) brief statement of facts; any public notice or announcement; a periodical publication
	(hợp kim) combine; mix; make less pure; lessen or moderate

aquatic

116

	(thủy sản) consisting of, relating to, or being in water
	(khóa) fold or collapse; bend out of shape, as under pressure or from heat
	(kháng sinh) of or relating to chemical substance that kills microorganisms and cures infections
	(duyệt) graze; skim or glance at casually

arbitrary

117

	(lưỡng cư) able to live both on land and in water
	(tuân thủ) stick fast; stick to firmly; be compatible or in accordance with
	(ức hiếp) cause pain, suffering or distress
	(độc đoán) randomly chosen; determined by chance or impulse, and not by reason or principle

arc

118

	(hồ quang) continuous portion of a circle; something curved in shape
	(phụ cấp) approval; act of allowing, granting, or admitting
	(khuếch đại) broaden or clarify by expanding; intensify; make larger or more powerful; increase
	(tổng hợp) gather into a mass, sum, or whole; amount to

arch

119

	(kiến trúc) any part of a curved line
	(tác giả) beginner, former, or first mover of anything; creator; originator; one who composes or writes book or composer
	(leo) upward slope or grade; movement upward
	(thay thế) happening or following in turns; succeeding each other continuously; substitute

archaic

120

	(tiện nghi đạn dược) military stores or provisions; articles used in weapons, as powder, balls, shot, shells
	(cổ) no longer current or applicable; antiquated
	(Tài liệu) pamphlet; small book usually having paper cover
	(trừu tượng) theoretical; not concrete; not applied or practical; difficult to understand

architect

121

	(đảm bảo) promise or pledge; certainty; self-confidence; freedom from doubt
	(Kiến trúc sư) one who designs and supervises the construction of buildings or other large structures
	(trên không) of the air or atmosphere; produced by or found in the air; performed in the air
	(khát vọng) ambition; longing

archives

122

	(các loại) varied; miscellaneous
	(lưu trữ) public records; place where public records are kept
	(trục) the center around which something rotates; pivot
	(thay đổi) modify; cause to change; make different; convert

ardent

123

	(khẳng định) declare or state with confidence; put oneself forward boldly
	(hăng hái) displaying or by strong enthusiasm or devotion; passionate
	(đánh thức) excite; stimulate; awaken from or as if from sleep
	(bỏ qua) channel used to conduct gas or liquid around another pipe or a fixture; conductor having low resistance in parallel

arduous

124

	(gian nan) demanding great effort or labor; difficult
	(nhập học) act or practice of admitting; power or permission to enter
	(đảm bảo) promise or pledge; certainty; self-confidence; freedom from doubt
	(liên kết) tie, or confine with a cord, band, or chain; make fast; contract; cohere or stick together

arena

125

	(tổ tiên) forefather; forebear; forerunner or predecessor
	(rào) obstacle; structure built to bar passage; boundary or limit
	(trường) playing field where sports events take place; large structure for open-air sports or entertainments
	(nghiện) cause someone to become dependent; indulge in; be devoted to

arise

126

	(phù) settlement or compromise of conflicting opinions; written agreement between two states
	(giai thoại) short account of amusing or interesting event; short narrative; secret story of history or biography
	(phát sinh) come up from a lower to a higher position; come above the horizon; spring up; come into action
	(gần) approach; come near

armour

127

	(giáp) defensive covering, as of metal, wood, or leather, worn to protect the body against weapons
	(trách nhiệm tích lũy) pile up; collect; mount up; increase
	(cổ) no longer current or applicable; antiquated
	(đóng) fasten; append; add on; secure to something

arouse

128

	(đánh thức) excite; stimulate; awaken from or as if from sleep
	(dự đoán) act in advance of; deal with ahead of time; predict
	(giữa) in the middle of; among; surrounded by
	(mảng) set out for display or use; place in orderly arrangement

array

129

	(phanh) a piece of mechanism for retarding or stopping motion by friction
	(thứ tự chữ cái) arranged in customary order of the letters of a language
	(mảng) set out for display or use; place in orderly arrangement
	(nghiện) cause someone to become dependent; indulge in; be devoted to

articulate

130

	(rõ) expressing oneself easily in clear and effective language
	(nghiệp dư) nonprofessional; lacking the skill of a professional, as in an art
	(tham vọng) aspiring; having a strong desire for success or achievement
	(song) two-sided; mutual

artificial

131

	(giả) aide; servant; accompanying; person who participates in a meeting
	(cầu) space for ship to dock or anchor; allotted place; place to sleep or stay; appointment or job
	(nhân tạo) made by humans; produced rather than natural.
	(đỏ) become rosy or reddish; turn red, as if in embarrassment or shame

artillery

132

	(pháo) large weapons, such as cannon and missile launchers operated by crews; branch of army in use of large weapons
	(vi khuẩn) single celled organism with no nucleus
	(nhà ở) living quarters provided for public convenience; something that meets a need; convenience
	(dự đoán) something expected; pleasurable expectation; wishing with confidence

ascend

133

	(phù hợp) do a favor or service for; provide for; supply with; make suitable; adapt; allow for
	(sôi) be agitated; pass from a liquid to vapor when heated; be excited with passion; heat in water
	(lên) climb; mount
	(trừu tượng) theoretical; not concrete; not applied or practical; difficult to understand

ascent

134

	(leo) upward slope or grade; movement upward
	(tiểu sử) an account of the series of events making up a person's life; accounts of people's life
	(bướm) insect typically having a slender body with broad colorful wings
	(Kế toán) liable to being called to account; answerable; responsible; something that can be explained

ascertain

135

	(xác định) find out for certain; discover with certainty; make sure of
	(ca ngợi) applaud; announce with great approval
	(Nam Cực) opposite to the northern or arctic pole; relating to the southern pole or to the region near it
	(phân tích) resolve anything complex into its elements; separate into parts for purpose of examination of each separately

ascribe

136

	(rất nhiều) be full of; be plentiful
	(hang) tunnel; hole in the ground made by an animal for shelter; dig; move through by or as by digging
	(gán) inscribe or dedicate; attribute to a specified cause, source, or origin; assign as a quality
	(hạt) small piece of material, such as glass, plastic, or wood, that is pierced for stringing

aspect

137

	(neo) secure or fasten firmly; be fixed in place; narrate or coordinate
	(tiêu diệt) destroy completely; reduce to nonexistence
	(khía cạnh) distinct feature or element in a problem; a way in which something can be viewed by the mind
	(thay thế) happening or following in turns; succeeding each other continuously; substitute

aspiration

138

	(astound) affect with wonder; surprise; shock
	(xác thực) not counterfeit or copied; valid; trustworthy
	(khát vọng) ambition; longing
	(trục) the center around which something rotates; pivot

aspire

139

	(thổ dân) being the first of its kind in a region; primitive; native
	(khao khát) seek to attain; long for; strive toward an end
	(ức hiếp) cause pain, suffering or distress
	(bướm) insect typically having a slender body with broad colorful wings

assassination

140

	(đồng) an alloy of copper and tin and sometimes other elements
	(ám sát) act of assassinating; killing by treacherous violence; murder of public figure by surprise attack
	(buffet) table with food set out for people to serve themselves; meal at which people help themselves to food that's been set out
	(tiểu sử) an account of the series of events making up a person's life; accounts of people's life

assemble

141

	(lắp ráp) put together; bring or call together into a group or whole
	(nhân tạo) made by humans; produced rather than natural.
	(cùng) along or by the side; side by side with
	(dự đoán) something expected; pleasurable expectation; wishing with confidence

assert

142

	(giảm) provide physical relief, as from pain; make easier; remove in part
	(làm phiền) disturb, especially by minor irritations; irritate
	(khẳng định) declare or state with confidence; put oneself forward boldly
	(pha trộn) combination; mixture; forming uniform mixture

assess

143

	(đánh giá) estimate value; judge worth of something
	(khẳng định) declare or state with confidence; put oneself forward boldly
	(tổ tiên) forefather; forebear; forerunner or predecessor
	(thiết bị) durable goods for home or office use; device or instrument for household use

asset

144

	(tự chủ) independence; self-government or the right of self-government; self-determination
	(tài sản) properties; advantage; useful or valuable quality
	(cùn) having a dull edge or end; not sharp; lacking in feeling; insensitive
	(liên kết) associate; incorporate

assign

145

	(đập) beat with successive blows; beat repeatedly and with violence
	(kích hoạt) make active or more active; stimulate; make radioactive
	(giao) appoint; allot; make over; point out authoritatively or exactly
	(pháo) large weapons, such as cannon and missile launchers operated by crews; branch of army in use of large weapons

assorted

146

	(tố cáo) state without proof; assert to be true
	(các loại) varied; miscellaneous
	(nghiện) cause someone to become dependent; indulge in; be devoted to
	(đỏ) become rosy or reddish; turn red, as if in embarrassment or shame

assumption

147

	(trên không) of the air or atmosphere; produced by or found in the air; performed in the air
	(hàng loạt) quantity of bread baked at one time; a collection of things or persons to be handled together
	(giả định) something taken for accepted as true without proof; taking over or taking possession of
	(trục) the center around which something rotates; pivot

assurance

148

	(hoa) flower; blossom; best time of youth; period of greatest prosperity or productivity
	(đảm bảo) promise or pledge; certainty; self-confidence; freedom from doubt
	(đóng) fasten; append; add on; secure to something
	(chú) fasten; annex; be in contact with

astound

149

	(astound) affect with wonder; surprise; shock
	(nhân chủng học) social science that studies origins and social relationships of human beings
	(đảm bảo) promise or pledge; certainty; self-confidence; freedom from doubt
	(xa lánh) cause to become unfriendly or hostile; transfer property or ownership; isolate or dissociate emotionally

astronomy

150

	(thiên văn học) branch of physics that studies celestial bodies and universe as a whole
	(ức hiếp) cause pain, suffering or distress
	(phong phú) great or plentiful amount; fullness to overflowing
	(tố cáo) state without proof; assert to be true

asylum

151

	(tị nạn) place of refuge or shelter; protection
	(tiêu diệt) destroy completely; reduce to nonexistence
	(sai lầm) serious mistake typically caused by ignorance or confusion
	(bỏ qua) channel used to conduct gas or liquid around another pipe or a fixture; conductor having low resistance in parallel

athlete

152

	(phong phú) great or plentiful amount; fullness to overflowing
	(tương tự) similarity in some respects; comparison based on similarity
	(vận động viên) sports man; one who contended for prize in public games
	(rào) obstacle; structure built to bar passage; boundary or limit

atlas

153

	(cầu) space for ship to dock or anchor; allotted place; place to sleep or stay; appointment or job
	(bó) small cluster or arrangement of flowers; an arrangement of flowers that is usually given as a present
	(nhân viên kế toán) one who keeps accounts; one who has charge of keeping books and accounts in an office
	(bản đồ) a bound volume of maps, charts, or tables

attach

154

	(chú) fasten; annex; be in contact with
	(Sửa đổi) change for the better; improve; remove faults or errors
	(khẳng định) assert; confirm
	(cùng) travel with; be associated with

attain

155

	(tắm) wash by immersion, as in a bath; subject to bath; lave; immerse or cover one's self
	(phụ cấp) approval; act of allowing, granting, or admitting
	(tre) plant of the family of grasses, and genus Bambusa, growing in tropical countries
	(đạt) achieve or accomplish; gain

attendance

156

	(duyệt) graze; skim or glance at casually
	(thổ dân) being the first of its kind in a region; primitive; native
	(liên kết) associate; incorporate
	(tham gia) act of being present

attendant

157

	(gian nan) demanding great effort or labor; difficult
	(phá sản) penniless, without any money; financially ruined
	(hủy bỏ) stop; terminate before completion; terminate a pregnancy
	(giả) aide; servant; accompanying; person who participates in a meeting

attribute

158

	(brashness) characteristic of being brash; trait of being rash and hasty; tasteless showiness
	(thuộc tính) essential quality; reputation; honor
	(giảm) provide physical relief, as from pain; make easier; remove in part
	(đỏ) become rosy or reddish; turn red, as if in embarrassment or shame

audible

159

	(nghe) perceptible; heard or perceptible by the ear
	(ruột) a part or division of intestine; interior of something; any internal organ of the body, as the stomach, liver, brain
	(tự chủ) independence; self-government or the right of self-government; self-determination
	(niên thiếu) state of growing up from childhood to manhood or womanhood; transitional period between youth and maturity

audit

160

	(trên không) of the air or atmosphere; produced by or found in the air; performed in the air
	(allot) parcel out in parts or portions; distribute to each individual concerned; assign as a share or lot
	(kiểm toán) examination of accounts; adjustment or correction of accounts
	(vách ngăn) frustrate as by confusing or perplexing; impede force or movement of

auditorium

161

	(phá sản) penniless, without any money; financially ruined
	(dự đoán) act in advance of; deal with ahead of time; predict
	(thính) area of theater or concert hall where audience sits
	(không nhận bãi bỏ) cancel; put an end to; destroy completely

augment

162

	(tăng) make greater, as in size, extent, or quantity
	(làm quen) inform about; cause to come to know personally; make familiar
	(quan liêu) over-regulated administrative system
	(chưng hửng) lead into perplexity or confusion; perplex with mazes

authentic

163

	(xác thực) not counterfeit or copied; valid; trustworthy
	(tài sản) properties; advantage; useful or valuable quality
	(trường) playing field where sports events take place; large structure for open-air sports or entertainments
	(Sửa đổi) change for the better; improve; remove faults or errors

author

164

	(tác giả) beginner, former, or first mover of anything; creator; originator; one who composes or writes book or composer
	(cầu lông) game played on a court with light long-handled rackets
	(khóa) fold or collapse; bend out of shape, as under pressure or from heat
	(tham vọng) aspiring; having a strong desire for success or achievement

authoritative

165

	(thẩm định) assessment; evaluation; the classification of someone or something with respect to its worth
	(nghiện) cause someone to become dependent; indulge in; be devoted to
	(tổ tiên) forefather; forebear; forerunner or predecessor
	(thẩm quyền) having weight of authority; peremptory and dictatorial

authorize

166

	(xác định) find out for certain; discover with certainty; make sure of
	(thêm) attach; add as supplement or appendix
	(ủy quyền) empower; give permission for; sanction
	(mỹ) one skilled in giving cosmetic treatments; one who does hair styling, manicures, and other beauty treatments

automate

167

	(lạc hậu) directed to the back or rear; unwilling; averse; reluctant; hesitating; undeveloped
	(bất lợi) in opposing direction; harmful or unfavorable; acting or serving to oppose
	(tự động) replace or enhance human labor with machines
	(chưng hửng) lead into perplexity or confusion; perplex with mazes

automatic

168

	(tham vọng) aspiring; having a strong desire for success or achievement
	(tự động) mechanized; operating with minimal human intervention; independent of external control
	(ca) song of praise or patriotism; song of devotion or loyalty
	(mảng) set out for display or use; place in orderly arrangement

automation

169

	(phanh) a piece of mechanism for retarding or stopping motion by friction
	(tự động hóa) act or process of converting the controlling of a machine or device to a more automatic system, such as computer or electronic controls
	(tắm) wash by immersion, as in a bath; subject to bath; lave; immerse or cover one's self
	(bất lợi) in opposing direction; harmful or unfavorable; acting or serving to oppose

automobile

170

	(ô tô) self-propelled vehicle suitable for use on street or roadway
	(tị nạn) place of refuge or shelter; protection
	(mờ) something that is hazy and indistinct to the sight or mind; dim, confused appearance; moral stain or blot
	(kích hoạt) make active or more active; stimulate; make radioactive

autonomy

171

	(khẳng định) declare or state with confidence; put oneself forward boldly
	(phân tích) of analysis; resolving into elements or parts
	(khao khát) seek to attain; long for; strive toward an end
	(tự chủ) independence; self-government or the right of self-government; self-determination

auxiliary

172

	(phá sản) penniless, without any money; financially ruined
	(mua) gain through experience or effort; gain possession of; locate with tracking system
	(lên) climb; mount
	(phụ) helper, additional or subsidiary

avail

173

	(tránh) prevent; turn or cause to turn off or away
	(giai thoại) short account of amusing or interesting event; short narrative; secret story of history or biography
	(Sửa đổi) change for the better; improve; remove faults or errors
	(tận) turn to advantage of; be of service to; profit; promote

avalanche

174

	(Phụ kiện) additional object; useful but not essential thing; subordinate or supplementary item
	(lên) climb; mount
	(thác) great mass of falling snow and ice
	(tổ tiên) forefather; forebear; forerunner or predecessor

avert

175

	(tránh) prevent; turn or cause to turn off or away
	(giả) aide; servant; accompanying; person who participates in a meeting
	(mờ) something that is hazy and indistinct to the sight or mind; dim, confused appearance; moral stain or blot
	(kích động) anxiety; extreme emotional disturbance

aviation

176

	(hàng không) art or science of flying; flight; aeronautics
	(rõ ràng) capable of being seen, or easily seen; open to view; visible to eye
	(neo) secure or fasten firmly; be fixed in place; narrate or coordinate
	(mơ hồ) state of being ambiguous; doubtfulness or uncertainty

axis

177

	(thổ dân) being the first of its kind in a region; primitive; native
	(trục) the center around which something rotates; pivot
	(quan liêu) over-regulated administrative system
	(giao) appoint; allot; make over; point out authoritatively or exactly

backward

178

	(rào) obstacle; structure built to bar passage; boundary or limit
	(ban) official prohibition; decree that prohibits something
	(hợp kim) combine; mix; make less pure; lessen or moderate
	(lạc hậu) directed to the back or rear; unwilling; averse; reluctant; hesitating; undeveloped

bacterium

179

	(vi khuẩn) single celled organism with no nucleus
	(khối) a group of nations, parties, or persons united for common action
	(chuyên nghiệp) expert at; very skilled; having or showing knowledge and skill and aptitude
	(hoan nghênh) acclaim; express approval, especially by clapping the hands

badminton

180

	(khuếch đại) broaden or clarify by expanding; intensify; make larger or more powerful; increase
	(rõ ràng) capable of being seen, or easily seen; open to view; visible to eye
	(cầu lông) game played on a court with light long-handled rackets
	(tố cáo) state without proof; assert to be true

baffle

181

	(ruột) a part or division of intestine; interior of something; any internal organ of the body, as the stomach, liver, brain
	(tự chủ) independence; self-government or the right of self-government; self-determination
	(số lượng lớn) majority; main part; volume; mass
	(vách ngăn) frustrate as by confusing or perplexing; impede force or movement of

ballot

182

	(phong phú) great or plentiful amount; fullness to overflowing
	(phiếu) printed or written ticket used in voting; act of voting; whole number of votes cast at an election
	(thay đổi) modify; cause to change; make different; convert
	(trao đổi) trade goods or services without the exchange of money

bamboo

183

	(nhân tạo) made by humans; produced rather than natural.
	(đập) beat with successive blows; beat repeatedly and with violence
	(khối) a group of nations, parties, or persons united for common action
	(tre) plant of the family of grasses, and genus Bambusa, growing in tropical countries

ban

184

	(bounty) goodness, kindness; virtue; liberality in giving
	(pháo) large weapons, such as cannon and missile launchers operated by crews; branch of army in use of large weapons
	(thác) great mass of falling snow and ice
	(ban) official prohibition; decree that prohibits something

bandage

185

	(làm phiền) disturb, especially by minor irritations; irritate
	(người tố cáo) one who accuses; one who brings a charge of crime or fault
	(nẹp) something which holds anything tightly or supports it firmly, as bandage, cord, or rod;
	(băng) strip of woven material, used in dressing and binding up wounds

banish

186

	(thủy sản) consisting of, relating to, or being in water
	(trục xuất) drive out; drive away; compel to depart; dispel
	(bướm) insect typically having a slender body with broad colorful wings
	(lân cận) adjoining; neighboring; close to; lying near

bankrupt

187

	(quảng cáo) give notice to; inform or apprise; make known; give public notice of
	(nhập học) act or practice of admitting; power or permission to enter
	(giảm) provide physical relief, as from pain; make easier; remove in part
	(phá sản) penniless, without any money; financially ruined

banquet

188

	(khuếch đại) broaden or clarify by expanding; intensify; make larger or more powerful; increase
	(pha trộn) combination; mixture; forming uniform mixture
	(tiệc) feast; entertainment of eating and drinking
	(thay thế) happening or following in turns; succeeding each other continuously; substitute

bark

189

	(vỏ) sound made by a dog; harsh sound uttered by a dog
	(đánh giá) estimate value; judge worth of something
	(xác định) find out for certain; discover with certainty; make sure of
	(tắm) wash by immersion, as in a bath; subject to bath; lave; immerse or cover one's self

barometer

190

	(lắp ráp) put together; bring or call together into a group or whole
	(phong vũ biểu) instrument for determining the weight or pressure of the atmosphere
	(giả) aide; servant; accompanying; person who participates in a meeting
	(tham vọng) aspiring; having a strong desire for success or achievement

barren

191

	(hợp kim) combine; mix; make less pure; lessen or moderate
	(cằn cỗi) desolate; fruitless and unproductive; lacking
	(cầu) space for ship to dock or anchor; allotted place; place to sleep or stay; appointment or job
	(tận) turn to advantage of; be of service to; profit; promote

barricade

192

	(chướng ngại vật) hastily put together defensive barrier; obstacle
	(brashness) characteristic of being brash; trait of being rash and hasty; tasteless showiness
	(tẩy chay) refrain from buying or using
	(hấp thụ) assimilate or incorporate; suck or drink up; occupy full attention

barrier

193

	(rào) obstacle; structure built to bar passage; boundary or limit
	(đột phá) act of overcoming or penetrating an obstacle or restriction
	(vận động viên) sports man; one who contended for prize in public games
	(lắp ráp) put together; bring or call together into a group or whole

barter

194

	(trao đổi) trade goods or services without the exchange of money
	(giữa) amid; in the middle of; among
	(dự đoán) act in advance of; deal with ahead of time; predict
	(rào) obstacle; structure built to bar passage; boundary or limit

batch

195

	(hàng loạt) quantity of bread baked at one time; a collection of things or persons to be handled together
	(hồ) tank or pool or bowl filled with water for keeping live fish and underwater animals
	(nhân tạo) made by humans; produced rather than natural.
	(hoan nghênh) acclaim; express approval, especially by clapping the hands

bathe

196

	(tắm) wash by immersion, as in a bath; subject to bath; lave; immerse or cover one's self
	(trừu tượng) theoretical; not concrete; not applied or practical; difficult to understand
	(tự động) replace or enhance human labor with machines
	(phát sóng) exposure to air for freshening or drying; exposure to public attention; radio or television broadcast

batter

197

	(thẩm mỹ) elegant or tasteful; of or concerning appreciation of beauty or good taste
	(Nam Cực) opposite to the northern or arctic pole; relating to the southern pole or to the region near it
	(pha) boil or seethe; cook; be in a state of preparation; be mixing, forming, or gathering
	(đập) beat with successive blows; beat repeatedly and with violence

bead

198

	(hạt) small piece of material, such as glass, plastic, or wood, that is pierced for stringing
	(băng) strip of woven material, used in dressing and binding up wounds
	(trung thành) loyalty to a nation, sovereign, or cause; fidelity to any person or thing; devotion
	(hang) tunnel; hole in the ground made by an animal for shelter; dig; move through by or as by digging

beautician

199

	(ám sát) act of assassinating; killing by treacherous violence; murder of public figure by surprise attack
	(duyệt) graze; skim or glance at casually
	(tin) brief statement of facts; any public notice or announcement; a periodical publication
	(mỹ) one skilled in giving cosmetic treatments; one who does hair styling, manicures, and other beauty treatments

beforehand

200

	(lưu trữ) public records; place where public records are kept
	(giữa) amid; in the middle of; among
	(trước) in state of anticipation; in advance; by way of preparation
	(hồ) tank or pool or bowl filled with water for keeping live fish and underwater animals

beneficial

201

	(lân cận) adjoining; neighboring; close to; lying near
	(lợi) helpful; tending to promote physical well-being
	(lưỡng cư) able to live both on land and in water
	(cằn cỗi) desolate; fruitless and unproductive; lacking

berth

202

	(phong vũ biểu) instrument for determining the weight or pressure of the atmosphere
	(cầu) space for ship to dock or anchor; allotted place; place to sleep or stay; appointment or job
	(Phụ kiện) additional object; useful but not essential thing; subordinate or supplementary item
	(khát vọng) ambition; longing

beset

203

	(bao vây) attack from all sides; trouble persistently; hem in
	(trục xuất) drive out; drive away; compel to depart; dispel
	(ảm đạm) cold or cheerless; unlikely to be favorable
	(rõ) expressing oneself easily in clear and effective language

beverage

204

	(bungalow) small house or cottage usually having a single story and attic
	(thức uống) liquids for drinking, usually excluding water; refreshment
	(rõ ràng) capable of being seen, or easily seen; open to view; visible to eye
	(rào) obstacle; structure built to bar passage; boundary or limit

bewilder

205

	(tác giả) beginner, former, or first mover of anything; creator; originator; one who composes or writes book or composer
	(đóng) fasten; append; add on; secure to something
	(chưng hửng) lead into perplexity or confusion; perplex with mazes
	(cùng) along or by the side; side by side with

bias

206

	(thiên vị) preference or inclination, especially one that inhibits impartial judgment; influence in unfair way
	(bó) small cluster or arrangement of flowers; an arrangement of flowers that is usually given as a present
	(thuốc tẩy) make white or colorless; blanch
	(thẩm định) assessment; evaluation; the classification of someone or something with respect to its worth

bibliography

207

	(hoa) reproductive organ of plants, especially one having showy or colorful parts
	(khao khát) seek to attain; long for; strive toward an end
	(thư mục) list of works of a specific author or publisher; list of writings relating to a given subject
	(xác định) find out for certain; discover with certainty; make sure of

bilateral

208

	(bỏ qua) channel used to conduct gas or liquid around another pipe or a fixture; conductor having low resistance in parallel
	(phù) settlement or compromise of conflicting opinions; written agreement between two states
	(Phụ kiện) additional object; useful but not essential thing; subordinate or supplementary item
	(song) two-sided; mutual

bilingual

209

	(song ngữ) using or able to use two languages, especially with equal or nearly equal fluency
	(đánh thức) excite; stimulate; awaken from or as if from sleep
	(phát sóng) exposure to air for freshening or drying; exposure to public attention; radio or television broadcast
	(bungalow) small house or cottage usually having a single story and attic

bind

210

	(trục xuất) drive out; drive away; compel to depart; dispel
	(liên kết) tie, or confine with a cord, band, or chain; make fast; contract; cohere or stick together
	(vách ngăn) frustrate as by confusing or perplexing; impede force or movement of
	(allot) parcel out in parts or portions; distribute to each individual concerned; assign as a share or lot

biography

211

	(khía cạnh) distinct feature or element in a problem; a way in which something can be viewed by the mind
	(trường) playing field where sports events take place; large structure for open-air sports or entertainments
	(tiểu sử) an account of the series of events making up a person's life; accounts of people's life
	(đánh giá) estimate value; judge worth of something

bitumen

212

	(nhựa đường) mineral pitch; black, tarry substance, burning with a bright flame
	(giao) assign; distribute according to plan
	(đọt non) grow forth; send out buds; grow or develop rapidly
	(tổng hợp) gather into a mass, sum, or whole; amount to

blaze

213

	(đám cháy) brilliant burst of fire; destructive fire; flame
	(tị nạn) place of refuge or shelter; protection
	(tắm) wash by immersion, as in a bath; subject to bath; lave; immerse or cover one's self
	(tẩy chay) refrain from buying or using

bleach

214

	(thuốc tẩy) make white or colorless; blanch
	(giai thoại) short account of amusing or interesting event; short narrative; secret story of history or biography
	(giả định) something taken for accepted as true without proof; taking over or taking possession of
	(khuếch đại) broaden or clarify by expanding; intensify; make larger or more powerful; increase

bleak

215

	(ranh giới) dividing line; border; frontier
	(ảm đạm) cold or cheerless; unlikely to be favorable
	(kháng sinh) of or relating to chemical substance that kills microorganisms and cures infections
	(tài sản) properties; advantage; useful or valuable quality

blend

216

	(pha trộn) combination; mixture; forming uniform mixture
	(nhanh) marked by speed, liveliness, and vigor; energetic; swift; keen or sharp in speech or manner
	(phụ) helper, additional or subsidiary
	(bố mẹ) think long and anxiously; be in a state of gloomy, serious thought

blink

217

	(song ngữ) using or able to use two languages, especially with equal or nearly equal fluency
	(nhấp nháy) shut eyes briefly; wink
	(giả định) something taken for accepted as true without proof; taking over or taking possession of
	(tiệc) feast; entertainment of eating and drinking

bloc

218

	(khối) a group of nations, parties, or persons united for common action
	(phanh) a piece of mechanism for retarding or stopping motion by friction
	(tiện nghi đạn dược) military stores or provisions; articles used in weapons, as powder, balls, shot, shells
	(bỏ qua) channel used to conduct gas or liquid around another pipe or a fixture; conductor having low resistance in parallel

bloom

219

	(hoa) flower; blossom; best time of youth; period of greatest prosperity or productivity
	(tham vọng) aspiring; having a strong desire for success or achievement
	(bóng) rounded part of a cylindrical structure; electric lamp consisting of a glass ball
	(gần) approach; come near

blossom

220

	(nghe) perceptible; heard or perceptible by the ear
	(chướng ngại vật) hastily put together defensive barrier; obstacle
	(ca ngợi) applaud; announce with great approval
	(hoa) reproductive organ of plants, especially one having showy or colorful parts

blot

221

	(blot) spot or stain, as of ink on paper; blur; weak point or failing
	(độ cao) elevation especially above sea level; height
	(Tài liệu) pamphlet; small book usually having paper cover
	(dự đoán) something expected; pleasurable expectation; wishing with confidence

blunder

222

	(quản trị) administer; supply; supervise or be in charge of
	(sai lầm) serious mistake typically caused by ignorance or confusion
	(ám sát) act of assassinating; killing by treacherous violence; murder of public figure by surprise attack
	(tận) turn to advantage of; be of service to; profit; promote

blunt

223

	(brashness) characteristic of being brash; trait of being rash and hasty; tasteless showiness
	(cổ) no longer current or applicable; antiquated
	(số lượng lớn) majority; main part; volume; mass
	(cùn) having a dull edge or end; not sharp; lacking in feeling; insensitive

blur

224

	(khoe khoang) show off oneself; speak of with excessive pride
	(mờ) something that is hazy and indistinct to the sight or mind; dim, confused appearance; moral stain or blot
	(tiểu sử) an account of the series of events making up a person's life; accounts of people's life
	(thính) area of theater or concert hall where audience sits

blush

225

	(ức hiếp) cause pain, suffering or distress
	(đỏ) become rosy or reddish; turn red, as if in embarrassment or shame
	(neo) secure or fasten firmly; be fixed in place; narrate or coordinate
	(vi phạm) breaking of contract or duty

boast

226

	(liên kết) tie, or confine with a cord, band, or chain; make fast; contract; cohere or stick together
	(bounty) goodness, kindness; virtue; liberality in giving
	(khoe khoang) show off oneself; speak of with excessive pride
	(niên thiếu) state of growing up from childhood to manhood or womanhood; transitional period between youth and maturity

boil

227

	(khao khát) seek to attain; long for; strive toward an end
	(giao) appoint; allot; make over; point out authoritatively or exactly
	(liên kết) associate; incorporate
	(sôi) be agitated; pass from a liquid to vapor when heated; be excited with passion; heat in water

bookcase

228

	(ca ngợi) applaud; announce with great approval
	(tủ sách) case with shelves for holding books, especially one with glazed doors
	(Phụ kiện) additional object; useful but not essential thing; subordinate or supplementary item
	(lưu trữ) public records; place where public records are kept

bookkeeper

229

	(nhân viên kế toán) one who keeps accounts; one who has charge of keeping books and accounts in an office
	(thuốc tẩy) make white or colorless; blanch
	(thuộc tính) essential quality; reputation; honor
	(nhộn nhịp) move or cause to move energetically and busily; teem

bookstall

230

	(bookstall) stall where books are sold, as on a street; table with enclosed sides, for displaying books for sale
	(Tài liệu) pamphlet; small book usually having paper cover
	(giả định) something taken for accepted as true without proof; taking over or taking possession of
	(chưng hửng) lead into perplexity or confusion; perplex with mazes

boost

231

	(tăng) raise; advance; push or shove upward
	(niên thiếu) state of growing up from childhood to manhood or womanhood; transitional period between youth and maturity
	(bướm) insect typically having a slender body with broad colorful wings
	(lưỡng cư) able to live both on land and in water

boundary

232

	(ranh giới) dividing line; border; frontier
	(viết tắt) shortening something by omitting parts of it
	(đóng) fasten; append; add on; secure to something
	(sai lầm) serious mistake typically caused by ignorance or confusion

bounty

233

	(kiến trúc) any part of a curved line
	(đỏ) become rosy or reddish; turn red, as if in embarrassment or shame
	(giảm) provide physical relief, as from pain; make easier; remove in part
	(bounty) goodness, kindness; virtue; liberality in giving

bouquet

234

	(giáp) defensive covering, as of metal, wood, or leather, worn to protect the body against weapons
	(thác) great mass of falling snow and ice
	(cùn) having a dull edge or end; not sharp; lacking in feeling; insensitive
	(bó) small cluster or arrangement of flowers; an arrangement of flowers that is usually given as a present

bowel

235

	(tự động) replace or enhance human labor with machines
	(phát sóng) exposure to air for freshening or drying; exposure to public attention; radio or television broadcast
	(ruột) a part or division of intestine; interior of something; any internal organ of the body, as the stomach, liver, brain
	(kháng sinh) of or relating to chemical substance that kills microorganisms and cures infections

boycott

236

	(tẩy chay) refrain from buying or using
	(gian nan) demanding great effort or labor; difficult
	(bookstall) stall where books are sold, as on a street; table with enclosed sides, for displaying books for sale
	(ruột) a part or division of intestine; interior of something; any internal organ of the body, as the stomach, liver, brain

brace

237

	(dự đoán) act in advance of; deal with ahead of time; predict
	(giữa) amid; in the middle of; among
	(nhanh) marked by speed, liveliness, and vigor; energetic; swift; keen or sharp in speech or manner
	(nẹp) something which holds anything tightly or supports it firmly, as bandage, cord, or rod;

brake

238

	(Sửa đổi) change for the better; improve; remove faults or errors
	(phanh) a piece of mechanism for retarding or stopping motion by friction
	(trường) playing field where sports events take place; large structure for open-air sports or entertainments
	(lưu trữ) public records; place where public records are kept

brashness

239

	(cằn cỗi) desolate; fruitless and unproductive; lacking
	(brashness) characteristic of being brash; trait of being rash and hasty; tasteless showiness
	(mờ) something that is hazy and indistinct to the sight or mind; dim, confused appearance; moral stain or blot
	(vận động viên) sports man; one who contended for prize in public games

breach

240

	(tài sản) properties; advantage; useful or valuable quality
	(trước) in state of anticipation; in advance; by way of preparation
	(phong vũ biểu) instrument for determining the weight or pressure of the atmosphere
	(vi phạm) breaking of contract or duty

breakthrough

241

	(đột phá) act of overcoming or penetrating an obstacle or restriction
	(quản trị) govern; supervise; give or apply medications
	(tài sản) properties; advantage; useful or valuable quality
	(giả định) something taken for accepted as true without proof; taking over or taking possession of

breed

242

	(nghiệp dư) nonprofessional; lacking the skill of a professional, as in an art
	(bookstall) stall where books are sold, as on a street; table with enclosed sides, for displaying books for sale
	(giai thoại) short account of amusing or interesting event; short narrative; secret story of history or biography
	(giống) raise; produce offspring; give birth to or hatch; mate

brew

243

	(ruột) a part or division of intestine; interior of something; any internal organ of the body, as the stomach, liver, brain
	(đập) beat with successive blows; beat repeatedly and with violence
	(rõ ràng) capable of being seen, or easily seen; open to view; visible to eye
	(pha) boil or seethe; cook; be in a state of preparation; be mixing, forming, or gathering

brink

244

	(hồ) tank or pool or bowl filled with water for keeping live fish and underwater animals
	(bờ vực) edge, margin, or border of a steep place verge
	(mua) gain through experience or effort; gain possession of; locate with tracking system
	(giống) raise; produce offspring; give birth to or hatch; mate

brisk

245

	(tị nạn) place of refuge or shelter; protection
	(đánh thức) excite; stimulate; awaken from or as if from sleep
	(người tố cáo) one who accuses; one who brings a charge of crime or fault
	(nhanh) marked by speed, liveliness, and vigor; energetic; swift; keen or sharp in speech or manner

brochure

246

	(Tài liệu) pamphlet; small book usually having paper cover
	(allot) parcel out in parts or portions; distribute to each individual concerned; assign as a share or lot
	(rõ) expressing oneself easily in clear and effective language
	(ảm đạm) cold or cheerless; unlikely to be favorable

bronze

247

	(khẳng định) assert; confirm
	(đồng) an alloy of copper and tin and sometimes other elements
	(pha) boil or seethe; cook; be in a state of preparation; be mixing, forming, or gathering
	(tổng hợp) gather into a mass, sum, or whole; amount to

brood

248

	(băng) strip of woven material, used in dressing and binding up wounds
	(bố mẹ) think long and anxiously; be in a state of gloomy, serious thought
	(khối) a group of nations, parties, or persons united for common action
	(astound) affect with wonder; surprise; shock

browse

249

	(duyệt) graze; skim or glance at casually
	(khối) a group of nations, parties, or persons united for common action
	(ca) song of praise or patriotism; song of devotion or loyalty
	(phanh) a piece of mechanism for retarding or stopping motion by friction

bruise

250

	(vết bầm tím) injure, as by a blow or collision; contuse; fight with the fists
	(thiết bị) durable goods for home or office use; device or instrument for household use
	(thiên vị) preference or inclination, especially one that inhibits impartial judgment; influence in unfair way
	(tăng) raise; advance; push or shove upward

buckle

251

	(tiện nghi đạn dược) military stores or provisions; articles used in weapons, as powder, balls, shot, shells
	(khóa) fold or collapse; bend out of shape, as under pressure or from heat
	(xác thực) not counterfeit or copied; valid; trustworthy
	(tránh) prevent; turn or cause to turn off or away

buffet

252

	(liên kết) associate; incorporate
	(buffet) table with food set out for people to serve themselves; meal at which people help themselves to food that's been set out
	(mai táng) grave or tomb; ritual placing of a corpse in a grave; concealing something under the ground
	(tin) brief statement of facts; any public notice or announcement; a periodical publication

bulb

253

	(giả) aide; servant; accompanying; person who participates in a meeting
	(vết bầm tím) injure, as by a blow or collision; contuse; fight with the fists
	(bóng) rounded part of a cylindrical structure; electric lamp consisting of a glass ball
	(biện hộ) speak, plead, or argue in favour of; plead for; push for something

bulge

254

	(phình) cause to curve outward; swell up; stick out; protrude
	(thứ tự chữ cái) arranged in customary order of the letters of a language
	(ảm đạm) cold or cheerless; unlikely to be favorable
	(đám cháy) brilliant burst of fire; destructive fire; flame

bulk

255

	(ngạc nhiên) astonish; affect with wonder
	(mơ hồ) state of being ambiguous; doubtfulness or uncertainty
	(tham vọng) aspiring; having a strong desire for success or achievement
	(số lượng lớn) majority; main part; volume; mass

bulletin

256

	(cùn) having a dull edge or end; not sharp; lacking in feeling; insensitive
	(khối) a group of nations, parties, or persons united for common action
	(tin) brief statement of facts; any public notice or announcement; a periodical publication
	(phong vũ biểu) instrument for determining the weight or pressure of the atmosphere

bumper

257

	(bội) something as bars at edges to absorb shock and prevent serious damage
	(phụ) helper, additional or subsidiary
	(tuyển tập) book of literary selections by various authors
	(vỏ) sound made by a dog; harsh sound uttered by a dog

bundle

258

	(xác thực) not counterfeit or copied; valid; trustworthy
	(nhập học) act or practice of admitting; power or permission to enter
	(bó) packet; a package of things tied together; a large sum of money
	(vỏ) sound made by a dog; harsh sound uttered by a dog

bungalow

259

	(tuyển tập) book of literary selections by various authors
	(bungalow) small house or cottage usually having a single story and attic
	(phong phú) great or plentiful amount; fullness to overflowing
	(bất lợi) in opposing direction; harmful or unfavorable; acting or serving to oppose

buoyant

260

	(rất nhiều) be full of; be plentiful
	(nổi) able to float; cheerful and optimistic
	(hàng thịt) one whose job is to kill animals for food; one who kills in large numbers, or with unusual cruelty; vendor, especially on train or in theater
	(bounty) goodness, kindness; virtue; liberality in giving

bureaucracy

261

	(biện hộ) speak, plead, or argue in favour of; plead for; push for something
	(Kế toán) liable to being called to account; answerable; responsible; something that can be explained
	(quan liêu) over-regulated administrative system
	(gian nan) demanding great effort or labor; difficult

burgeon

262

	(đọt non) grow forth; send out buds; grow or develop rapidly
	(bungalow) small house or cottage usually having a single story and attic
	(giữa) amid; in the middle of; among
	(tổ tiên) forefather; forebear; forerunner or predecessor

burial

263

	(mai táng) grave or tomb; ritual placing of a corpse in a grave; concealing something under the ground
	(tự chủ) independence; self-government or the right of self-government; self-determination
	(chưng hửng) lead into perplexity or confusion; perplex with mazes
	(phát sóng) exposure to air for freshening or drying; exposure to public attention; radio or television broadcast

burrow

264

	(hang) tunnel; hole in the ground made by an animal for shelter; dig; move through by or as by digging
	(vỏ) sound made by a dog; harsh sound uttered by a dog
	(phân tích) resolve anything complex into its elements; separate into parts for purpose of examination of each separately
	(hạt) small piece of material, such as glass, plastic, or wood, that is pierced for stringing

bustle

265

	(giáp) defensive covering, as of metal, wood, or leather, worn to protect the body against weapons
	(nhộn nhịp) move or cause to move energetically and busily; teem
	(bội) something as bars at edges to absorb shock and prevent serious damage
	(pha trộn) combination; mixture; forming uniform mixture

butcher

266

	(hàng thịt) one whose job is to kill animals for food; one who kills in large numbers, or with unusual cruelty; vendor, especially on train or in theater
	(chưng hửng) lead into perplexity or confusion; perplex with mazes
	(mỹ) one skilled in giving cosmetic treatments; one who does hair styling, manicures, and other beauty treatments
	(lạc hậu) directed to the back or rear; unwilling; averse; reluctant; hesitating; undeveloped

butterfly

267

	(sai lầm) serious mistake typically caused by ignorance or confusion
	(bướm) insect typically having a slender body with broad colorful wings
	(tham gia) act of being present
	(mai táng) grave or tomb; ritual placing of a corpse in a grave; concealing something under the ground

bypass

268

	(tự động hóa) act or process of converting the controlling of a machine or device to a more automatic system, such as computer or electronic controls
	(phụ) helper, additional or subsidiary
	(tác giả) beginner, former, or first mover of anything; creator; originator; one who composes or writes book or composer
	(bỏ qua) channel used to conduct gas or liquid around another pipe or a fixture; conductor having low resistance in parallel

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